Paeds Flashcards
What is intersusseption and who gets it?
Intussusception describes the invagination of one portion of bowel into the lumen of the adjacent bowel, most commonly around the ileo-caecal region.
Features of intersusseption
paroxysmal abdominal colic pain during paroxysm the infant will characteristically draw their knees up and turn pale vomiting blood stained stool - ‘red-currant jelly’ sausage-shaped mass in the right lower quadrant
The most common for of respiratory distress in a newborn?
Transient Tachypnoea of the newborn (TTN): caused by delayed resorption of fluid in the lungs due to being squished during c-section
Causes of snoring in kids
-obesity -nasal problems: polyps, deviated septum, hypertrophicnasal turbinates -recurrent tonsillitis -Down’s syndrome -hypothyroidism
Why is it recommended to give vit K IM in a newborn
to prevent haemmorrhagic disease of the newborn as many babies are deficient in vit K
osgood shlatters disease
sporty kids who get swelling over the tibial tubercle
At what times during birth should you measure apgar scoring?
1,5,10 minutes
What is APGAR scoring
Appearance (colour) Pulse (heart rate) Grimace (reflex irritability) Activity (muscle tone) Respiratory effort A score of 0-3 is very low score, between 4-6 is moderate low and between 7 - 10 means the baby is in a good state
A baby present with multiple small white papules on their face? what are you thinking of?
Milia: small, benign, keratin-filled cysts that typically appear around the face. They may appear at any age but are more common in newborns.
Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease in newborns, what is it?
-ventricular septal defect (VSD) -right ventricular hypertrophy -right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, pulmonary stenosis -overriding aorta xray shows boot shaped heart
Most common type of headache in children?
migraine
The most common malignancy of childhood?
ALL
80% of childhood leukaemias. The peak incidence is at around 2-5 years of age and boys are affected slightly more commonly than girls
Features of ALL
- Anaemia
- Neutropenia
- Thrombocytopenia
WHat is ebsteins abnormality?
A congenital condition where the tricuspid valve leaflets are attachemetn to the wall of the right ventricle.
- his may lead to tricuspid regurgitation and in 50% of patients Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is seen.
- pan-systolic murmur, giant V waves in JVP
- Results in large atrium small ventricle
