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3a- incorrect passmed questions > Paeds > Flashcards

Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

What should be used to treat children with pneumonia if mycoplasma is suspected

A

A macrolide e.g. erythromicin

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2
Q

Features of Roseola infantum

A

high fever: lasting a few days, followed later by a
maculopapular rash
febrile seizures common
diarrhoea and cough are commonly seen

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3
Q

most likely causative agent of a bacterial pneumonia in children

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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4
Q

What does otorrhoea in a child with acute otitis media indicate

A

perforation of the tympanic membrane

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5
Q

Common cause of bacterial otitis media

A
  • Streptococcus pneumonaie
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • Moraxella catarrhalis
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6
Q

When should children presenting with glue ear be referred to ENT

A

background of Down’s syndrome or cleft palate

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7
Q

What type of hearing loss occurs in glue ear

A

conductive hearing loss

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8
Q

What imaging should be done for suspected infantile spasms

A

EEG - hypsarrhythmia is commonly found

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9
Q

Management of a child < 3 years presenting with an acute limp

A

Urgent assessment

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10
Q

When is suboptimal SpO2 readings expected from a healthy neonate

A

In first 10 minutes of life

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11
Q

Triad of haemolytic uraemic disease

A

AKI
thrombocytopenia normocytic anaemia

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12
Q

What would arterial blood gas show in a child with severe diarrhoea or vomiting

A

metabolic alkalosis

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13
Q

Features of Infectious mononucleosis

A
  • sore throat
  • fevers
  • lymphadenopathy
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14
Q

Give 2 recognised areas which are protected from chemotherapeutic agents

A

Testes and CNS

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15
Q

Treatment of sick cell anaemia

A
  • prophylactic
    penicillin
  • Hydroxycarbamide - prevent vaso-occlusive complications
  • Blood
    transfusions
  • Stem cell transplantation
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16
Q

What investigation should be used to monitor treatment response of Hodgkin lymphoma to chemotherapy

A

Positron emission tomography (PET)

17
Q

Diagnosis of duodenal atresia

A

Abdo XR - double bubble sign
contrast study may confirm

18
Q

What is the initial treatment for DKA if a child has nausea/ vomiting and is not alert?

A
  • rehydration with IV fluids (0.9% NaCl 10ml/kg) + SC insulin (0.1units/kg/hr)
  • dehydration in children should be corrected over 48 hours
  • insulin should be started after IV fluids have been running for 1 hour
19
Q

Blood test abnormalities seen in diabetic ketoacidosis

A
  • hyperglycaemia
  • ketonemia
  • mildly raised creatinine kinase
  • acidosis
  • hyperkalaemia
  • sodium may be normal or slightly raised
  • bicarbonate < 15 mmol/l (low)
20
Q

Most common causative organisms of meningitis in neonates

A
  • Group B streptococcus
  • Escherichia coli
  • listeria monocytogenes
21
Q

When does cavernous haemangioma often present

A

often not present at birth, but appears in the first
month of life

22
Q

What is the first line treatment for faecal impaction

A

macrogol laxative - Movicol

23
Q

Management of idiopathic thrombocytopenia

A
  • Safety net and explain it typically runs a benign course and the majority of cases will have resolved spontaneously after 6-8 weeks
  • prednisolone is only used in severe cases
24
Q

Name the surgical procedure used to treat Hirschsprung’s disease

A

Swenson procedure

25
Q

Name the surgical procedure used to treat symptomatic Meckel’s diverticulum

A

wedge excision

26
Q

Investigation of choice for intussusception

A

abdominal ultrasound

27
Q

Features suggestive of hypernatraemic dehydration

A

jittery movements
increased muscle tone
hyperreflexia
convulsions
drowsiness or coma

28
Q

Blood test results indicative of Gilbert’s syndrome

A
  • unconjugated bilirubin
  • normal liver enzyme levels
29
Q

first line management of GORD in a formula fed baby

A

trial of feed thickener

30
Q

first line management of GORD in a breastfed baby

A

trial of an alginate (e.g. Gaviscon)

31
Q

Second line pharmacological management for ADHD

A

Lisdexamfetamine

32
Q

treatment for viral induced wheeze

A

inhaled salbutamol and reassurance

33
Q

commonest cause of stridor in a neonate

A

Laryngomalacia

34
Q

What is the commonest cause of respiratory distress in the newborn period

A

Transient tachypnoea of the newborn

35
Q

RF for Transient tachypnoea of the newborn

A

caesarean sections

36
Q

When should the Apgar score be assessed

A
  • 1 and 5 minutes of age.
  • If the score is low then it is again repeated at 10 minutes
37
Q

What are the features of the APGAR score

A

Activity (muscle tone)
Pulse
Grimace (reflex irritability)
Appearance (skin colour)
Respiratory effort

38
Q

Investigations for neonatal sepsis

A
  • FBC
  • CRP
  • Blood culture
  • blood gases
  • lumbar puncture - if concern of meningitis

3a- incorrect passmed questions (15 decks)

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