Cardiology Flashcards
1
Q
Most common ECG change in pulmonary embolus
A
Sinus tachycardia
2
Q
Most specific ECG finding in acute pericarditis
A
PR depression
3
Q
ECG features of hypokalaemia
A
U waves
small or absent T waves (occasionally inversion)
prolong PR interval
ST depression
long QT
4
Q
most common cause of mitral stenosis
A
rheumatic fever
5
Q
Features of mitral stenosis on auscultation
A
- mid-late diastolic rumbling murmur (best heard in expiration)
- loud S1
- opening snap
6
Q
Describe the murmur in mitral regurgitation
A
pansystolic high-pitched and ‘blowing’ murmur
7
Q
Features of aortic dissection
A
- tearing chest/ back pain that is typically maximal at onset
- pulse deficit on one side - weak or absent carotid, brachial, or femoral pulse
- HTN
8
Q
Indications of pulmonary embolism on:
1. CXR
2. ECG
3. ABG
A
- typically normal but may show wedge-shaped opacification, Fleischner sign = dilated central pulmonary vessel
- sinus tachycardia, ST depression, S1W
Q3T3, RBBB - type 1 respiratory failure
9
Q
initial treatment of pericarditis
A
NSAIDs
10
Q
contraindication to heparin
A
Acute bacterial endocarditis
11
Q
Findings of heart failure on chest XRay
A
Alveolar oedema
Kerley B lines
Cardiomegaly
Dilated upper lobe veins
pleural Effusion
