Obs Flashcards
What is the most important parameter to monitor when administering magnesium sulphate for eclampsia
Respiratory rate as it can cause respiratory depression
Features of erb’s palsy
- damage to the upper brachial plexus
- adduction and internal rotation of the arm, with pronation of the forearm
normal pregnancy can cause a raise in with liver enzyme
ALP - Alkaline phosphatase
3 causes of oligohydramnios
- pre-eclampsia
- premature rupture of membranes
- Potter sequence: bilateral renal agenesis + pulmonary hypoplasia
Symptoms of pre-eclampsia
- Headaches
- Oedema
- epigastric pain
- brisk reflexes
- decreased urine output
Ways to assess fetal growth
- abdominal circumference
- Palpation of foetal head on abdominal
examination - Measuring the size of the uterus (symphysis fundal height)
- femur length
Is nitrofurantoin safe to use in pregnancy
should be avoided in the 3rd trimester as there is a risk of haemolytic anaemia in neonate with G6PD deficiency
How long should antibiotics be given for premature preterm rupture of membranes
10 days
Neonatal complications of maternal chlamydia
- chorioamnionitis
- prelabour rupture of membranes
- neonatal pneumonia
- neonatal conjunctivitis
Features of congenital syphilis
- rash
- generalised lymphadenopathy
- skeletal malformations
- hepatosplenomegaly
What is crown rump length used for in ultrasound?
used to estimate gestational age and indicate the presence of a heartbeat
When is the best time to measure crown rump length for accurate dating?
between 7 and 9 weeks of gestation, using a transvaginal scan
What crown rump length measurement is associated with the presence of a heartbeat?
When an embryo’s CRL is 7 mm or more, a heartbeat is expected, indicating a viable pregnancy.
What does it indicate if no heartbeat is detected when the crown rump length is 7 mm or more?
usually a sign of miscarriage
What examination is contraindicated in pregnant women with suspected placenta praevia
digital vaginal examinations
Describe the process of fetal descent through the birth canal
Descent, engagement, flexion, internal rotation, crowning, extension of presenting part, external rotation of head, delivery
At what amniotic fluid index would a pregnancy be diagnosed with polyhydramnios
Greater than 24cm ( or 2000ml+)
Most common cause of polyhydramnios
most cases are idiopathic
When are pregnancy women offered screening for anaemia
- booking visit (8-12w)
- 28 week appointment
Non-immune causes of fetal hydrops
- Severe anaemia – congenital parvovirus B19 infection, alpha thalassaemia major, massive
materno-feto haemorrhage
● Cardiac abnormalities
● Chromosomal – Trisomy 13, 18, 21, or Turners
● Infection – toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV, varicella
● Twin- Twin transfusion syndrome (in the recipient twin)
● Chorioangioma
RFs of obstetric cholestasis
- hepatitis C
- multiple pregnancy
- obstetric cholestasis in previous pregnancy
- gallstones
what nerve roots are involved in erb’s palsy
C5-C6 - arm paralysis or weakness
what nerve roots are involved in Klumpke’s palsy
C8-T1
