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Aaska's specialities > PAEDS > Flashcards

PAEDS Flashcards

1
Q

pneumatosis intestinalis

A

intramural gas

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2
Q

continuous machinery murmur

A

PDA

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3
Q

diastolic decrescendo murmur

A

aortic or pulmonary regurg

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4
Q

mid diastolic murmur with opening click

A

mitral stenosis

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5
Q

pansystolic murmur

A

mitral and tricuspid regurg

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6
Q

ejection systolic murmur left sternal edge

A

pulmonary stenosis

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7
Q

ASD assoc w which congenital condition

A

downs

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8
Q

downs increases risk of what cancer

A

ALL

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9
Q

sarnat staging

A

hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
has 3 stages

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10
Q

CXR in meconium aspiration

A

asymmetrical patchy opacities

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11
Q

level of glucose concerning in neonatal hypoglycaemia

A

<2mmol/L

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12
Q

HIE cooling and warming done over how many hrs

A

cooling= 72 hrs
warming= 6

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13
Q

HIE cooling temp

A

33-34 degrees celsius

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14
Q

exchange transfusion in haemolytic disease of newborn when

A

bilirubin rising >8-10 per hr
anaemia, Hb <100
phototherapy refractory

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15
Q

IVIG in haemolytic disease of newborn when

A

bilirubin rising >8.5 per hr
only for immune haemolysis

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16
Q

glucose given in severe neonatal hypoglycaemia

A

2ml/kg 10% glucose bolus
3.6 ml/kg/hr 19% glucose maintenance

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17
Q

BG aim in neonatal hypoglycaemia

A

3-4 mmol/L

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18
Q

mx for neonatal hypoglycaemia due to hyperinsulinaemia

A

glucagon
diazoxide and chlorthiazide
somatostatin analogue

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19
Q

what time of onset and GA indicates pathological jaundice in neonate

A

<24 hrs birth
<35 weeks GA

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20
Q

what are 2 lines on normogram for jaundice and how do they guide mx

A

blue and red
above blue below red= phototherapy
above red = exchange transfusion

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21
Q

paces neonatal jaundice

A

explain its common
explain ix if under 1 week or over 14 days
phototherapy- safe, eyes protected, bloods taken
encourage breastfeeds
stay in after phototherapy to check for rebound hyperbilirubinaemia

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22
Q

type of ventilation used in neonatal RDS

A

CPAP

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23
Q

oxygen sat target in neonatal RDS

A

91-95%

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24
Q

3 medications given for toxo and their course

A

pyrimethamine
folinic acid
sulfadiazine

for 1 yr

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25
Q

when is NGT/TPN used for TTN

A

if resp rate >60/80

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26
Q

when are abx given in TTN

A

persists for .4-6 hrs

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27
Q

tracheosophaeal fistula/ oesophageal atresia type A mx

A

stabilisation and gastrostomy
oesophageal replacement

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28
Q

tracheosophaeal fistula/ oesophageal atresia type B/D mx

A

suction catheter
surgical correction

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29
Q

tracheosophaeal fistula/ oesophageal atresia type C mx

A

stabilisation
surgical correction

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30
Q

tracheosophaeal fistula/ oesophageal atresia type E mx

A

NBM
division of fistula

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31
Q

3 congential heart disease

A

TGA
TOF
tricuspid atresia

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32
Q

hyperoxia test

A

indicates congenital heart disease
low o2 sats in 100% oxygen for 10 mins

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33
Q

cause of HF in child

A

PDA
rheumatic fever

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34
Q

reasons for closing PDA

A

reduce risk of bacterial endocarditis
reduce risk of pulmonary vascular disease

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35
Q

PDA closure medications 1/2/3 line

A

1= indomethacin
2= prostacyclin synthetase inhibitor
3= ibuprofen (VLBW or premie)

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36
Q

blalock taussing shunt

A

for TOF
between subclavian and pulmonary artery

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37
Q

TOF definitive surgery done when

A

4 months

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38
Q

age children are dry by day only

A

4

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39
Q

age children are dry by day and night

A

5

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40
Q

recurrent UTI definition

A

2x upper UTI/pyelo
1x upper UTI/pyelo plus 1x lower UTI
3x lower UTI

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41
Q

red flags for constipation in children

A

present after birth
failure to pass meconium in 48 hrs
abdo distention and vomiting
neurological/developmental abnormality
abnormal looking anus

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42
Q

4 types of laxative with example of each

A

osmotic= lactulose, movicol
bulk forming= fybogel, cellulose
stimulant= senna
stool softner= docusate sodium

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43
Q

disimpaction regime for constipation

A

movicol titrating dose up for 2 weeks
may add senna if ineffective

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44
Q

complications of crohns

A

bloody diarrhoea
cancer

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45
Q

clinical dehydration and shock % weight loss

A

clinical dehydration= >5%
shock= >10%

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46
Q

3 fluid replacements

A

resus bolus
dehydration correction
maintenance

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47
Q

time frame 3 types of fluid are given over

A

resus- within 10 mins
dehydration correction- over 48 hrs
maintenance- 24 hrly

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48
Q

most accurate measure of dehydration

A

weight loss over course of illness

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49
Q

neonate fluids

A

day 1- 50-60ml/kg
day 2-70-80ml/kg
day 3- 80-100ml/kg
day 4-100-120 ml/kg
day 5-28- 120-150 ml/kg

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50
Q

fluid type used for neonates

A

IV crystalloid with 10% dextrose

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51
Q

monitoring for failure to thrive

A

daily= under 1 month
weekly= 1-6 months
fortnightly= 6-12 months
monthly= over 1 yr

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52
Q

admission for gastroenteritis when

A

clinically dehydrated or shocked
uncontrollable vomiting
painful bloody diarrhoea
shigella
complications like HUS/sepsis

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53
Q

abx in gastroenteritis when

A

salmonella under 6 months
immunocompromised salmonella
c diff

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54
Q

school exclusion gastroenteritis

A

48 hrs after last vomit/diarrhoea

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55
Q

gastroenteritis recovery

A

diarrhoea lasts 5-7 days should stop in 2 weeks
vomiting lasts 2-3 days should stop in a week

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56
Q

inguinal and umbilical hernia repair when

A

inguinal= based on sx
umbilical= if small and asymptomatic at 4-5 yrs, if large and symptomatic at 2-3 yrs

if incarcerated, manually reduce with pressure and emergency surgery

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57
Q

age infantile colic resolves by

A

6 months

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58
Q

abx for intussception

A

clindamycin and gentamicin

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59
Q

IBS medications

A

laxatives
anti spasmodics
antimotility- loperamide chloride

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60
Q

surgery for malrotation

A

ladds procedure

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61
Q

mesenteric adenitis is preceded by

A

a viral infection

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62
Q

h pylori eradication therapy

A

PPI
clarithromycin 500 mg
amoxicillin 1 g

all BD

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63
Q

what is diagnosed when endoscopy is normal and peptic ulcer disease was suspected

A

functional dyspepsia- upper GI variant of IBS

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64
Q

pyloric stenosis fluids

A

1.5x maintenance with 5% dextrose and 0.45% saline

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65
Q

pyloric stenosis surgery

A

ramstedt pyloromyotomy

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66
Q

UC complications

A

growth
cancer

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67
Q

medications for steroid dependant UC

A

thiopurine
infliximab

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68
Q

surgery for volvulus

A

ladds procedure

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69
Q

when should steroids not be used in meningitis

A

meningococcal septiciaemia

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70
Q

when should steroids be used in meningitis

A

purulent CSF
high WCC in CSF
high protein conc in CSF
bacteria on gram stain

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71
Q

EBV advice

A

no contact sports or heavy lifting for one month, up to 8 weeks
no school exclusion but avoid kissing and sharing utensils
no amoxicillin, ampicillin or aspirin

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72
Q

abx to avoid in EBV and why

A

amoxicillin and ampicillin
cause florid macropapular rash

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73
Q

medications to decreased raised ICP

A

corticosteroids
mannitol

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74
Q

HSV1/HSV2 encephalitis medication

A

IV aciclovir
high dose 2-3 weeks

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75
Q

CMV encephalitis medication

A

ganciclovir plus foscarnet

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76
Q

VZV encephalitis medication

A

aciclovir or ganciclovir

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77
Q

EBV encephalitis medication

A

cidofovir

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78
Q

ix done for paediatric red flags present in a febrile child

A

bloods- FBC, CRP, electrolytes
blood culture
blood gas
CXR
LP
urine test
empirical abx

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79
Q

where are febrile children treated/ within what timeframe if they have red flag sx

A

immediate transfer to a&e by ambulance if lfie threatening features
OR
face to face assessment within 2 hrs

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80
Q

hip US at 6 weeks when

A

breech presentation
even if spontaneously moved to cephalic presentation/ successful ECV

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81
Q

roseola infantum virus

A

HHV6
HHV7

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82
Q

vaccine not given to HIV+ve children

A

BCG

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83
Q

HIV +ve children medication

A

2x NRTI

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84
Q

parvovirus b19 infection >3weeks mx

A

IVIG 5 days
may need transfusion for anaemia

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85
Q

localised impetigo mx

A

hydrogen peroxide 1% cream
topical fusidic acid

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86
Q

widespread/ bullous impetigo mx

A

oral flucloxacillin

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87
Q

kawasaki disease mx

A

IVIG single dose, can repeat
high dose aspirin up to 72hrs then low dose for 8 weeks

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88
Q

severe malaria mx

A

parenteral artesunate

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89
Q

measles school exclusion

A

4 days after rash onset

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90
Q

measles complication

A

otitis media (most common)
pneumonia
encephalitis

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91
Q

measles mx

A

supportive
vit A for 2 days

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92
Q

mumps school exclusion

A

5 days after parotitis develops

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93
Q

who do you notify in notifiable disease

A

local health protection unit
public health england

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94
Q

rubella school exclusion

A

5 days after rash onset

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95
Q

rubella advice

A

stay away from pregnant women
vaccination if not

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96
Q

abx for TSS

A

clindamycin plus penicillin usually

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97
Q

typhoid abx

A

ciprofloxacin
add azithromycin

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98
Q

ADHD first line mx

A

watch and wait for 10 weeks
ADHD focused group training programme

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99
Q

ADHD monitor height

A

every 6 months

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100
Q

ADHD monitor weight

A

every 3 months

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101
Q

ADHD medications

A

methylphenidate
lisdexamphetamine
dexamphetamine
guanfacine
always 6 week trial to start
monitor ECG

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102
Q

document for children with learning difficulties

A

EHC plan: education, health and care

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103
Q

what age do breath holding attacks resolve by

A

4-5

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104
Q

breath holding attack differential

A

anaemia- check FBC

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105
Q

what age should a child sit by

A

8 months

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106
Q

what age should a child walk by

A

18 months

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107
Q

medications for cerebral palsy

A

stiffness= baclofen
drooling= anticholinergic
constipation= laxative
sleeping= melatonin

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108
Q

medications for duchennes muscular dystrophy

A

glucocorticoids
nocturnal CPAP
ataluren

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109
Q

discontinue antiepileptics in children when they havent had a seizure for

110
Q

tonic clonic seizure first line anti epileptic

A

sodium valproate

111
Q

absence seizure first line anti epileptic

A

ethosuximide

112
Q

focal seizure first line anti epileptic

A

levitiracetam or lamotrigine

113
Q

myoclonic seizure first line anti epileptic

A

valproate or lamotrigine

114
Q

driving is allowed in epilepsy when you havent had a seizure for

115
Q

age for febrile convulsions

A

6months-6yrs

116
Q

advice during seizure

A

cushion head
dont put anything in mouth
remove harmful objects

117
Q

advice after seizure

A

check airway
put in recovery position

118
Q

recurrence rate of febrile convulsions

119
Q

preventing febrile seizure advice

A

immunise even if it was after an im
reducing fever doesnt change risk of recurrence
use paracetamol or ibuprofen when febrile
hydrate child well

120
Q

headache urgent neuro assessment if under what age

121
Q

headache red flags

A

present in morning
wakes them up at night
worse on bending down, sneezing or coughing
ataxia
meningism
new onset focal deficit
squinting or cant look up
vomiting
changes in levels of consciousness
worsens

122
Q

hydrocephalus mx

A

ventriculoperitoneal shunt

123
Q

medication for myotonia in muscular dystrophy

A

mexelitine

124
Q

phenytoin dose in status

A

20mg/kg infusion over 20 mins

125
Q

what should you think when you see subdural haematoma

A

NAI- must be considered/ruled out

126
Q

DKA glucose, ketones and blood pH

A

glucose >11
ketones >3 or +++
pH <7.3

127
Q

which fluids are used in DKA

A

0.9% saline only until glucose <14
0.9% saline plus 5% glucose when glucose <14
all fluids should have 40mmol/L potassium chloride added

128
Q

mild/moderate/severe DKA ranges

A

mild= pH 7.2-7.29
moderate= pH 7.1-7.19
severe= pH <7.1

129
Q

fluid deficit in mild/moderate/severe DKA

A

mild= 5%
moderate= 7%
severe= 10%

130
Q

insulin dose/started when in DKA

A

1-2 hrs after fluid therapy
0.05-0.1 units/kg/hr

131
Q

what is done with long acting insulin for a child with DKA

A

continued throughout treatment

132
Q

insulin therapies for T1DM

A

mutiple daily injections w basal bolus regime
continuous subcut pump

133
Q

glucose targets T1DM fasting and after meals

A

fasting= 4-7
after meals= 5-9

134
Q

hba1c target T1DM

135
Q

CBG monitoring T1DM

136
Q

diabetes complication monitoring regime for children

A

nephropathy/retinopathy/ hypertension annually from 12 onwards
thyroid function from diagnosis anually

137
Q

hyperthyroid medication

A

carbimazole or propylthiouracil

138
Q

carbimazole/propylthiouracil side effecs

A

neutropenia
go to hospital if they have a sore throat

139
Q

medications given in anaphylaxis

A

adrenaline 1:1000
chlorphenamine 10mg
hydrocortisone 200mg

140
Q

specific things to look for in skin/mouth anaphylaxis

A

urticaria
angioedema

141
Q

sepsis what level of lactate is high risk

142
Q

pulses to check for circulation in children

A

femoral
radial
brachial

143
Q

sepsis abx

A

IV ceftriaxone
under 3 months add ampillicin/amox for listeria
neonate <72hrs benzylpenicillin and gentamicin

144
Q

sepsis lactate levels and fluids

A

> 4= give fluids, consider ionotropes and vaspressors
2-4= give fluids
<2= consider fluids

145
Q

what BG to treat neonatal hypoglycaemia

146
Q

gastroenteritis in children most common organism

147
Q

induction chemo for ALL

A

prednisolone
vincristine
anthracyclines
(if no CNA involvement)

if CNS involvement= give intrathecal chemo too (triple therapy)

148
Q

prophylactic drugs given in ALL

A

abx
antiviral
antifungals
haemopoeitic factors for febrile neutropenia

149
Q

drug given in philadelphia chromosome +ve ALL patients

A

tyrosine kinase inhibitors- imatinib

150
Q

hodgkins lymphoma chem regime

A

ABVD
2 cycles if favorable disease
4 cycles if non favorable or BEACOPP followed by 2x ABVD and radiotherapy

151
Q

relapse ALL mx

A

high dose chemo
bone marrow transplant

152
Q

medications for tumor lysis prevention

A

rasbicurase or allopurinol

153
Q

retinoblastoma common age of presentation

154
Q

retinoblastoma how is treatment guided

A

is gross vitreous seeding present: cells floating in vitreous humor

155
Q

what type of tumor is wilms tumor

A

nephroblastoma

156
Q

egg on side appearance of heart shadow

157
Q

TGA mx

A

prostaglandin E1 to maintain PDA
balloon atrial septostomy

158
Q

difference in timing of presentation between TOF and TGA

A

TGA= immediately at birth
TOF= 1-2 months, up to 6 months

159
Q

whats the diff between viral induced wheeze and croup

A

viral wheeze= wheeze, responsive to salbutamol
croup= stridor, not responsive to salbutamol

160
Q

orkambi is used to treat and comprises

A

CF with delta F508 mutation
lumacaftor/ivacaftor

161
Q

chromosome for beta thalassaemia mutation

162
Q

beta thalassaemia mx

A

blood transfusions plus desferroxamine

163
Q

common cause of DIC

164
Q

medication do not give in DIC

A

antithrombin

165
Q

platelet disorder characteristics

A

superficial bleeding (skin, gums, nose)
petechiae
immediately after surgery
after cuts/scratches
mild

166
Q

coagulation factor disorder characteristics

A

deep bleeding (haemarthrosis)
no petechaie
delayed bleeding after surgery, not after cuts/scratches
severe

167
Q

how to replace platelets

A

platelet transfusion

168
Q

how to replace coagulation factors

169
Q

signs of acute haemoylsis

A

jaundice
pallor
dark urine

170
Q

condition fava bans avoided in

A

G6PD deficiency

171
Q

in haemophilia and vWD avoid

A

IM injections
aspirin
NSAIDs

172
Q

difference between thalassaemia and haemophilia

A

thalassaemia= deficient alpha or beta globin production
haemophillia= deficiency of factor 8 or 9

173
Q

medication given in haemophilia A to induce factor 8 and vWF release

A

desmopressin

174
Q

complications of haemophilia treatment

A

antibodies to factor 8/9
tranfusion related infections
veins

175
Q

parvovirus B complication

A

aplastic crisis

176
Q

chronic ITP mx

A

mycophenolate mofetil
rituximab
eltrombopag

177
Q

ferrrous sulphate continue for how long once IDA corrected

178
Q

FBC checked how long after starting ferrous sulphate in IDA

A

2-4 weeks
should rise by 2g/100 mL over 4 weeks
if rising normally check again at 2-4 months

179
Q

day to day mx of sickle cell

A

immunise against encapsulated organisms
daily folic acid
daily penicillin
avoid stress (cold, dehydration, hypoxia, excessive exercise)
hydroxycarbamide (if >3 admissions in a year)

180
Q

mx of acute sickle cell crisis

A

oral/IV analgesia
IV fluids
abx if infection
exchange transfusion if acute chest syndrome/priapism/stroke

181
Q

side effect of desmopressin in vWD

A

hyponatraemia

182
Q

position leg is in in split/pavlik harness

A

flexed
abducted

183
Q

follow up how long after split/pavlik harness

184
Q

US 6 weeks for DDH when

A

breech at any point
family hx

185
Q

imaging for DDH after 6 weeks

A

x ray
better than US

186
Q

admit all children with what fracture

A

femoral shaft

187
Q

observation for DDH until what age

188
Q

JIA mx by what team

A

paediatric rheumatology MDT

189
Q

what is osgood schlatter disease

A

swelling and inflammation at growth plate at top of shin bone

190
Q

ergocalciferol

191
Q

cholecalciferol

192
Q

pseudo vitamin D deficiency is caused by

A

defect in 1 alpha hydroxylase
mx with calcitriol

193
Q

septic arthritis abx

A

IV 2 weeks then oral 4 weeks

<3 months= IV cefotaxime
3 months -5 years= IV ceftriaxone
over 6 yrs= IV flucloxacillin
if allergic to penicillin= clindamycin

oral step down= co amox and fluclox

194
Q

trethowans sign

A

line of klein doesnt intersect upper femoral epiphysis or there is asymmetry between either side

seen in SUFE

195
Q

surgical repair for SUFE

A

in situ screw fixation across growth plates

196
Q

best marker of liver failure

197
Q

mx of acute liver failure

A

prevent hypoglycaemia: IV dextrose
prevent cerebral oedema: fluid restrict and mannitol diuresis
prevent bleeding= IV vit K and H2 antagonists

198
Q

PSC mx

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

199
Q

autoimmune hep mx

A

prednisolone
azothioprine

200
Q

biliary atresia mx

A

kasai procedure within 60 days of life
transplant if refractory
also give: fat soluble vitamins, prophylactic abx for one yr, ursodeoxycholic acid to promote bile flow if needed

201
Q

ascites mx

A

sodium and fluid restriction
drainage
of refractory albumin infusion

202
Q

babies born to mums w hep B are given

A

vaccination and immunoglobulin

203
Q

acute otitis media mx

A

conservative
if abx needed amoxicillin 5-7 days

204
Q

acute epiglottitis mx

A

ceftriaxone when intubated
co amox when stable

205
Q

acute epiglottitis household prophylaxis

A

rifampicin

206
Q

plan everyone with asthma should have

A

personalised asthma action plan

207
Q

how is blue inhaler used

A

up to 10 puffs every 30-60 seconds

208
Q

SABA nebs dose for asthma attack

A

5mg >5yrs
2.5mg 2-5 yrs

209
Q

o2 sats target acute asthma attack

210
Q

ipatropium bromide nebs dose for asthma attack

A

1-11yrs: 250mcg every 20-30 mins first 2 hrs then every 4-6 hrs

12-17yrs: 500mcg every 4-6hrs

211
Q

prednisolone dose acute asthma attack

A

1-2mg/kg/day
40mg max

212
Q

asthma attack follow up within what time

A

48hrs of presentation if not admitted
2 working days of discharge if admitted

213
Q

mag sulf nebs dose astham attack

214
Q

gold standard ix for bronchiectasis diagnosis

A

high resolution CT

215
Q

signet ring sign on high resolution CT

A

bronchiectasis
when diameter of bronchus is bigger than bronchial artery

216
Q

CF bronchiectasis organism

A

pseudomonas

217
Q

non CF bronchiectasis acute exacerbation mx

A

airway clearance w saline
abx

218
Q

bronchiolitis prophylaxis when high risk

A

pavilizumab

219
Q

IgE vs non IgE mediated cows milk protein allergy

A

IgE mediated= onset within 2 hrs of ingestion
not IgE mediated= onset within 2-72 hrs of ingestion

220
Q

dex dose croup

221
Q

what are recessions

A

skin between the ribs pulling in between every breath

222
Q

medications for CF

A

CFTR modulators: kaftrio if over 2, funding now stopped
mucolytics: rhDNAse, hyeprtonic saline, dry mannitol inhalation
pancreatic enzyme replacement: creon
if liver disease: ursodeoxycholic acid

223
Q

prophylactic abx for pseudomonas in CF

A

azithromycin

224
Q

GS diagnosis for food allergy

A

food challenge

225
Q

what ages can you do heimlich manouvre

226
Q

high pitched inspiratory stridor worse when lying flat or exertion

A

laryngomalacia

227
Q

abx for paediatric pneumonia

A

moderate= amoxicillin (clarith if allergic)
severe= co amoxiclav (clarith if severe)

228
Q

scarlet fever abx

A

phenoxymethylpenicillin QDS 10 days

229
Q

scarlet fever complications

A

acute glomerulonephritis
rheumatic fever

230
Q

scarlet fever school exclusion

A

until 24 hrs after abx

231
Q

scores for sore throat giving abx

A

feverPAIN
centor

232
Q

abx given when centor score is

233
Q

whooping cough abx

A

<1 month= clarithromycin
>1 month= axithromycin

give if presenting within 21 days of cough onset

234
Q

what age are all those with whooping cough admitted

235
Q

whooping cough school exclusion

A

until 48hrs after abx started
until 21 days after cough onset if abx not given

236
Q

where a competent child refuses treatment

A

a person w parental responsibility or the court can authorise investigation or treatment if in the childs best interests

237
Q

family law reform act

A

those over 16 can consent to treatment
those under 18 cannot refuse treatment unless one parent agrees with them (even if other parent diagrees)

238
Q

MMR contraix

A

dont get pregnant for 1 month
IgG therapy past 3 months
infant who has had another live vaccine in past 4 weeks
severe immunosupression
allergic to neomycin

239
Q

who to get involved for NAI

A

senior colleague
named doctor for child protection
consider involving police (CAIT= child abuse investigation team)
consider involving MASH (multi agency safeguarding hub)

240
Q

ix for NAI

A

skeletal survey
MRI/CT head
bloods
bone profile
opthalmology referral (fundoscopy for retinal haemorrhages)

241
Q

counselling for NAI

A

I am going to speak to you about the next steps for your child medically and non medically

Medically we would like to do these ix

Non medically, we are not sure how this injury has occurred, because of this we would like to admit your child
Sometimes, when injuries like this present they do not happen by accident and are caused by someone else
When this happens, we have to routinely involve some teams including social services, the child safeguarding team and maybe the police
Our aim is to keep your child safe

242
Q

school exclusion for 24 hrs after abx start

A

scarlet fever

243
Q

school exclusion for 48 hrs after abx start

A

whooping cough

244
Q

school exclusion for 5 days after parotitis

245
Q

school exclusion until rash crusts over

A

impetigo
VZV

246
Q

school exclusion for 4 days from rash onset

A

measles
rubella

247
Q

school exclusion until treated

248
Q

school exclusion until recovered

249
Q

school exclusion until sx settled for 48 hrs

A

diarrhoea/vomitting

250
Q

normal resp rate
<1
1-5
5-12
>12

A

<1= 30-40
1-5= 20-30
5-12= 15-20
>12= 12-16 (adult)

251
Q

normal HR
<1
1-5
5-12
>12

A

<1= 110-160
1-5= 95-140
5-12= 80-120
>12= 60-100 (adult)

251
Q

normal systolic BP
<1
1-5
5-12
>12

A

<1= 70-90
1-5= 80-100
5-12= 90-110
>12= 100-120 (adult)

252
Q

clinically dehydrated (5%) fluid mx

A

continue milk
oral rehydration solution 50ml/kg over 4 hrs plus maintenance fluids

253
Q

clinically shocked (>10% dehydration) mx

A

iv fluid bolus 0.9% saline 10ml/kg
when resolved IV 0.9% saline 100ml/kg over 4 hrs plus maintenance

254
Q

maintenence fluids infusion rate
first 10 kg
second 10 kg
anything over 20kg

A

first 10 kg= 4ml/kg/hr
second 10 kg= 2ml/kg/hr
anything over 20kg= 1ml/kg/hr

255
Q

vaccines given at 8 weeks

A

6 in 1
rotavirus
men B

256
Q

vaccines given at 12 weeks

A

6 in 1
rotavirus
PCV

257
Q

vaccines given at 16 weeks

A

6 in 1
men B

258
Q

vaccines given at 1 yr

A

Hib/men C
men B
PCV
MMR

259
Q

vaccines given at 2yrs annually

260
Q

vaccines given at 3yrs 4 months

A

4 in 1 preschool booster
MMR

261
Q

vaccines given at 12-13yrs

262
Q

vaccines given at 14 yrs

A

3 in 1 teenage booster
men ACWY

263
Q

whats in 6 in 1 vaccine

A

diptheria
pertussis
polio
tetanus
HIB
Hep B

264
Q

whats in 4 in 1 vaccine

A

diptheria
tetanus
pertussis
polio

265
Q

whats in 3 in 1 vaccine

A

diptheria
polio
tetanus

266
Q

cellulitis vs erysipelas
mx for both

A

erysipelas= very well demarcated, mx with penicillin v
cellulitis= oral flucoxacillin if severe otherwise conservative mx

267
Q

what infection causes aplastic crisis in sickle cell

A

erythema infectiosum

268
Q

edwards syndrome karyotype

A

trisomy 18

Aaska's specialities (7 decks)

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