OBSTETRICS Flashcards
RF for IUGR
smoking
alcohol
drugs contraindicated in breast feeding
sulphonamides, tetracyclines, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin
amiodarone
psychiatric: lithium, benzos
methotrexate
carbimazole
sulphonylureas
aspirin
APGAR score calculated when
min 1, 5, 10
pertussis vaccine in pregnancy when
16 weeks
at booking appt offer screening for
haemoglobinopthies
red cell alloantibodies
foetal anomalies
hep B
HIV
syphillis
at 16 weeks GA give iron supplements if Hb is under
11
at 28 weeks GA give iron supplements if Hb is under
10.5
membrane sweep/IOL is offered if a women hasnt given birth by
41 weeks
at every antenatal appt you check
BP
BMI
urine dip
SFH
first stage of labour duration in nullip/multip
nullip <18 hrs
mulltip <12 hrs
normal progress of labour in active stage
1cm dilation every 2 hrs
abnormal progress of labour in active stage
<2cm dilation in 4 hrs
2nd stage of labour normal duration
2hrs nullip
1hr multip
add an hour if they have an epidural
apgar score interpretation
0-3= very low
4-7= moderately low
7-10= good state
what cervical length indicates need for prevention of preterm labour
<25mm
contraindications for rescue cervical cerclage
infection
bleeding
presence of uterine contractions
indications for prevention of preterm labour
history of labour <34 weeks
mid trimester loss hx
cervix <25mm
what GA is midtrimester loss
> 16 weeks
1st line tocolytic
nifedipine
tocolytics contraix when
bleeding or infection
nifedipine moa
CCB
2nd line tocolytic
atosiban
preterm labour 2 medications given
corticosteroids
tocolytics
magnesium sulfate
preterm labour definition
labour before 37 weeks GA
abx for pre prom
erythromycin 250mg QDS
p prom admission
admit till 28 weeks
then 2-3 weekly monitoring
maternal corticosteroid route/dose for premature delivery
IM betamethasone 24mg in 2 doses 12 hrs apart
mag sulf route/dose for premature delivery
IV loading 4g over 5-15 mins
then 1g/hr infusion
group B strep positive >34 weeks PPROM
IOL
preterm labour vs PPROM
preterm rupture of membranes in both
in PPROM absence of contractions/labour
PPROM full form
preterm premature rupture of membranes
PPROM admit or no
YES
PROM admit or no
YES
IOL after PROM when
> 24 hrs and absence of contraction
meconium seen in PROM
immediate IOL
PROM mx
admit for speculum, 4 hrly temperature and foetal monitoring
give prophylactic abx
shoulder dystocia mx
- lie woman flat and tell her to stop pushing
- call for senior help
- external manoeuvres: mc roberts with suprapubic pressure
- consider episiotomy
- internal manouevres
- all fours
- third line manouevres
shoulder dystocia complications for baby
brachial plexus injury
fracture
pneumothorax
hypoxic brain injury
ECV contrindications
antenatal haemorrhage previous 7 days
multiple pregnancy
CTG abnormality
ruptured membranes
implications of c section for future pregnancy
VBAC
placenta praevia
uterine rupture
breech delivery counseling
c section= small reduction in foetal mortality, slightly increased risks for mum, future pregnancies affected
vaginal birth= 40% risk of needing c section, increased risk of foetus immediately but long term no concerns, mum less complications
vaginal delivery in breech is not possible if
footling breech
ECV offered when
36 weeks nullip
37 weeks multip
medication given before ECV
terbutaline
face presentation chin anterior delivery
vaginal possible
face presentation chin posterior delivery
c section
brow presentation delivery
c section
unstable lie delivery
consider ECV or elective c section
bishop score 5 or lower IOL method
vaginal prostaglandins
bishop score 6 or above IOL method
ARM then IV oxytocin
what must you exclude before doing a membrane sweep
placenta praevia
cervical ripening balloon vs vaginal prostaglandin in IOL
cervical balloon is preferred as reduced risk of overstimulation
ARM only used first line in IOL if
bishop score over 6
IV syntocinon used in IOL if
bishop score over 6
contractions haven’t started 2hrs after ARM
VBAC success rate
72-75%
best predictor of VBAC success
previous successful VBAC
IOL in VBAC implications
2-3 fold increased risk in uterine rupture
uterine rupture risk in VBAC
1 in 200
cord outside interoitus in cord prolapse mx
avoid handling, keep warm and moist, dont put it back inside
what uterotonic is contraindicated in women with hypertension
syntometrine
fluids given in PPH
IV warm crystalloid
what clotting must you request in PPH
fibrinogen
how many units of blood should be crossmatched in PPH
4
what uterotonic drug is contraindicated in asthmatics
IM carboprost
oxytocin dose for PPH prophylaxis VB vs CS
VB= 10 iu
CS= 5iu
major PPH blood vol
> 1000mL
PPH positioning
lie flat
pharmacological mx of uterine atony
- 5iu oxytocin slow IV infusion
- syntocinon (not if htn)
- IV infusion oxytocin
- IM carboprost (not if asthmatic)
1st/2nd/3rd line antihypertensive for existing htn in pregnancy
- labetalol
- nifedipine
- methyldopa
BP monitoring in pregnancy for exisiting htn
weekly if poorly controlled
2-4 weekly if well controlled
BP target in pregnancy for exisiting htn
<135/85
what extra scans do pregnant women with htn get in pregnancy
serial growth scans 4 weekly from 28-36 weeks
medications for preexisiting htn
antihypertensives
aspirin 12 weeks onwards
low dose aspirin in htn exact dose
75-150mg
IOL in exisiting hypertension
if BP <160/110 do not offer induction <37 weeks
postnatal BP monitoring for existing htn
daily for 2 days
on day 3 and day 5
2 week review at GP
diabetes mellitus in pregnancy monitoring
joint diabetes and antenatal clinic every 1-2 weeks