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Finals > Paeds > Flashcards

Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

What causes epiglottitis?

A

Haemophilus Influenza Type B

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2
Q 
What presents with:
Rapid onset
High temp
Stridor
Drooling 
Tripod position (easier to breathe when leaning forward)
A

Epiglottitis

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3
Q

Management of epiglottitis?

A

Hospital
DO NOT examine throat
Oxygen
IV antibiotics

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4
Q

What is the most common complication of roseola infantum?

A

Febrile Convulsions

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5
Q

What causes roseola infantum?

A

Herpes Virus 6

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6
Q

Who gets roseola infantum?

A

6 months - 2 years

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7
Q

Features of roseola infantum?

A 
High fever
Few days later ->
Maculopapular ras
Nagayama spots (papular enathem on uvula and soft palate)
Febrile convulsions 
Diarrhoea and cough
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8
Q

Child <5 with asthma not controlled by SABA+ICS

A

Add leukotriene receptor

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9
Q

> 5 asthma management?

A
  1. SABA
  2. SABA + ICS
  3. SABA + ICS + Leukotriene
  4. SABA + ICS + LABA
  5. SABA + MART
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10
Q

Kawasaki disease management?

A

High dose aspirin
IV IG
Echocardiogram to screen for coronary artery aneurysms

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11
Q

What medication is given for scarlet fever?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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12
Q

What is an umbilical granuloma?

A

Overgrowth of tissue during healing of umbilicus after birth.

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13
Q

What presents as a small red growth in centre of umbilicus, wet, leaks clear or yellow fluid

A

umbilical granuloma

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14
Q

How do you treat an umbilical granuloma?

A

Salt to the wound

Can be cauterised with silver nitrate

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15
Q

What is omphalitis?

A

Bacterial infection of the umbilical stump after a few days of birth

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16
Q

How common are umbilical hernias?

A

1 in 5 newborns. Resolve in 2 years

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17
Q

What is persistent urachus?

A

urinary discharge from the umbilicus due to persistent urachus which attaches to the bladder

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18
Q

What is persistent vitello-intestinal duct?

A

Umbilical discharges bowel content. Imaged using contrast study.

19
Q

What is transient tachypnoea of the new born?

A

Delayed resorption of fluid in lungs.
More common after C sections.
Settles in 1-2 days.

20
Q

CXR of TTN?

A

Hyperinflation of lungs and fluid in horizontal fissure

21
Q

Management of TTN?

A

Observation and supportive care

22
Q

Features of foetal varicella syndrome?

A 
Skin scarring
Eye defects (small eyes, cataracts, chorioretinitis)
Neuro defects (reduced IQ, abnormal sphincter function, microcephaly)
23
Q

What causes bronchiolitis?

A

Respiratory syncytial virus

24
Q

What age gets bronchiolitis?

A

<1, winter

25
Q

Features of bronchiolitis

A 
Coryzal symptoms precede:
Dry cough
Increasing breathlessness
Wheezing - fine inspiratory crackles
Feeding difficulties due to increasing dyspnoea
26
Q

Bronchiolitis management?

A

Supportive

27
Q

Foetal alcohol syndrome features?

A 
Microcephaly 
Short palpebral fissures
Thin upper lip
Absent philtrum 
Reduced IQ
Cardiac abnormalities
28
Q

Risks of cigarette smoking in pregnancy

A

Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Pre-term labour
IUGR

29
Q

Features of rubella in pregnancy?

A

Cataract
Deafness
Cardiac abnormalities

30
Q

Features of maternal syphilis infection?

A

Rhinitis, saddle shaped nose, deafness, Hutchinson’s incisors
Hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anaemia, jaundice

31
Q

Epstein’s anomaly?

A

Congenital condition.
Due to lithium in utero.
Cyanosis, prominent a wave in JVP, hepatomegaly, tricuspid regurgitation, RBBB

32
Q

What is the commonest croup cause?

A

Parainfluenza virus

33
Q

What age group gets croup?

A

6 months - 3 years

Autumn

34
Q

Features of croup?

A

Stridor
Barking cough worse at night
Fever
Coryzal symptoms

35
Q

Croup management?

A

Single dose oral dexamethasone

36
Q

Emergency croup treatment?

A

High flow oxygen and nebulised adrenaline

37
Q

Commonest cause of ambiguous genitalia in newborns?

A

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

38
Q

Loud single S2

Prominent right ventricular impulse

A

Transposition of the great arteries

39
Q

Pulses felt in paediatric BLS

A

Brachial and femoral

40
Q

Commonest cause of painless massive GI bleeding requiring transfusion in children between 1 and 2?

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

41
Q

When do you get the MenB vaccine?

A

2,4 and 12-13 months

42
Q

Treatment for whooping cough?

A

Azithromycin or clarithromycin

AKA a macrolide

43
Q

At what age us the MMR given?

A

12-13 months

Finals (13 decks)

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