Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AKT > Paediatrics 3 > Flashcards

Paediatrics 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal pain
Rectal bleeding
Intestinal obstruction
=

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Meckel’s diverticulum Ix (1)
Mx

A

Meckle’s scan - 99m technetium pertechnetate
Mx surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mx meningitis
<3 months
>3 months

A

IV amoxi/amp + IV cefotaxime
IV cefotaxime/ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Consider dexamethasone in meningitis if LP shows? (4)
What age group does not get steroids?

A

Children <3months do not get steroids
Consider dexamethasone if LP shows:
1. Frankly purulent CSF
2. WCC >1000
3. Raised WCC with protein >1
4. Bacteria on Gram stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If suspected meningococcal septicaemia treat with:
Dose
<1 year
1-10yo
>10yo

A

IM/ IV benpen
300mg
600mg
1200mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mitochondrial diseases are passed on via mother or father?

What might you see on muscle biopsy?

A

Mother
Red, ragged fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CI to MMR (3)
How long should pregnancy be avoided for post MMR?

A

Immunosuppression
Allergy to neomycin
Children who have received another live vaccine by injection within 4 weeks

4 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Painless limp =

A

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Paeds BLS
Ratio lay versus non lay
How many rescue breaths?

A

30:2
If non lay x2 then 15:2
5 rescue breaths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rate for chest compressions
Depth
How does compressions differ for children and infant
What is the difference between a child and an infant (age)

A

100-120/min
depth: depress the lower half of the sternum by at least one-third of the anterior–posterior dimension of the chest (which is approximately 4 cm for an infant and 5 cm for a child)

in children: compress the lower half of the sternum
in infants: use a two-thumb encircling technique for chest compression

<1, 1-puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mx SUFE (2)

A

Bed rest + non weight bearing
Percutaneous pinning of the hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cherry red lesions surrounding the umbilicus
Bleed on contact
Seropurulent discharge
=
Mx

A

Umbilical granuloma
Mx chemical cautery + silver nitrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Umbilical discharge of small bowel content

Mx

A

Persistent vitello-intestinal duct
Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Urinary discharge from umbilicus

A

Persistent urachus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Infection of the umbilicus

Common bacteria

A

Omphalitis
Staph Aur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Paraumbilical hernia vs umbilical
Which is more likely to resolve spontaneously?

A

Umbilical (12months to 3 years to resolve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Left subclavicular thrill
Machinery murmur
Bounding, collapsing, large volume pule
Wide pulse pressure
Heaving apex beat

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PDA
Mx

A

Indomethacin OR ibuprofen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PDA RF (3)

A

Premature
High altitude babies
Maternal rubella infection in the first trimester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gold standard diagnostic test for Hirschsprung’s disease
1st line Ix

A

Rectal biopsy
AXR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Mx Hirschsprung’s disease (2)

A

Rectal washouts
Surgery

22
Q

Neonatal sepsis mx

A

IV benpen + gent

23
Q

When can abx be ceased in neonates?

A

At 48 hours if CRP <10

24
Q

Define nephrotic syndrome triad

A

Proteinuria >1g/m2
Hypoalbuminaemia <25
Oedema

25
Q

Peak incidence age for nephrotic syndrome
Most commonly is

A

2-5yo
Minimal change glomerulonephritis

26
Q

Features of intussusception (6)
Age
Gender

A

Drawing knees up
Turn pale
Vomiting
Red currant jelly
Sausage shaped mass in RUQ
Abdominal colic pain

M>F
6-18months

27
Q

Intussusception
Ix (1)
Mx (2)

A

USS - target like mass
Reduction by air insufflation
Surgery

28
Q

Most common cause of hypothyroidism in children:

A

Autoimmune thyroiditis

29
Q

Medial knee pain due to lateral subluxation of the patella
Knee may give way

A

Patellar subluxation

30
Q

Athletic teenage boy
Chronic anterior knee pain
Worse after running
Tender below patella on examination

A

Patella tendonitis

31
Q

Pain after exercise
Intermittent swelling and locking

A

Osteochondritis dissecans

32
Q

Sporty teenagers
Pain, tenderness and swelling over tibial tubercle

A

Osgood Schlatter

33
Q

Softening of cartilage of patella
Teenage girls
Anterior knee pain on walking and down stairs and rising from prolonged sitting

A

Chrondromalacia patellae

34
Q

high-grade fever which lasts for > 5 days. Fever is characteristically resistant to antipyretics
conjunctival injection
bright red, cracked lips
strawberry tongue
cervical lymphadenopathy
red palms of the hands and the soles of the feet which later peel

A

Kawasaki disease

35
Q

Mx Kawasaki (2)

A

High dose aspirin
IV immunoglobulin

36
Q

When to intervene with obesity in children?
When to assess for co-morbidities?
Hint: centile

A

> 91st centile
98th centile

37
Q

RF for obesity in children (3)

A

Asian children
Female
Taller children

38
Q

Name five conditions that can cause obesity

A

Hypothyroidism
GH deficiency
Down’s
Cushing’s
Prader-Willi

39
Q

Majority of children achieve day and night time continence by what age?

A

3/4yo

40
Q

Define enuresis
Difference between primary and secondary

A

Involuntary discharge of urine by day or night in a child 5 or more

Primary - has never achieved
Secondary - dry for at least six months

41
Q

Mx enuresis (5)
1. Name three causes
2. & 3. General advice
4. 1st line therapy
5. Medication

A
  1. Look for cause e.g constipation, UTI, DM
  2. Fluid intake, toiletting patterns
  3. Reward systems
  4. Enuresis alarm
  5. Desmopressin
42
Q

Jaundice
24 hours
2-14 days
>14 days

A

24 hours pathological
Common and usually physiological
Abnormal

43
Q

Causes of jaundice in the first 24 hours (4)

A

Rhesus haemolytic disease
ABO haemolytic disease
Hereditary spherocytosis
G6PD

44
Q

Causes of prolonged jaundice (6)

A

Biliary atresia (raised conjugated bilirubin)
Hypothyroidism
Galactosaemia
UTI
Breast milk jaundice
Prematurity

45
Q

How to check what the correct cuff size is when measuring BP in children?

A

2/3 of upper arm

46
Q

Fine, fair hair
Marfanoid body habitus
Leaning difficulties
Severe myopia
Increased risk of VTE
Malar flush
Livedo reticularis
=

Mx

A

Homocystinuria
B6 pyridoxine supplements

47
Q

What is Still’s murmur?

A

Low pitched sound heart at the lower left sternal edge
Innocent murmur

48
Q

Characteristics of an innocent ejection murmur (5)

A

Soft blowing murmur in pulmonary area or aortic area
Vary with posture
Localised, no radiation
Asymptomatic child
No added sounds

49
Q

Hearing tests:
Newborn
Infants
6-9 months

A

Otoacoustic emission test
Auditory Brainstem Response test
Distraction test

50
Q

Hearing test
18 months- 2.5yo
>2.5yo (2)
>3yo

A

Recognition of familiar objects
Performance testing + Speech discrimination testing
Pure tone audiometry

AKT (52 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions