Drugs 1 Flashcards
BB common S/E (4)
Contraindications (4)
bronchospasm
cool peripheries
sleep disturbance
erectile dysfunction
sick sinus syndrome
uncontrolled heart failure
asthma
concurrent verapamil use
Cautions (2) and contraindications to ACEi (1)
Specialist advice should be sought before starting ACE inhibitors in patients with?
Renovascular disease
Hereditary of idiopathic angioedema
Aortic stenosis CI
A potassium >= 5.0 mmol/L
Ivabradine MOA
SE (4)
Blocks funny ion current in the SAN and reduced HR
visual effects
headache
bradycardia
heart block
Amiodarone monitoring
Prior to treatment
Every six months
TFT, LFT, U&E, CXR prior to treatment
TFT, LFT every 6 months
Amiodarone adverse effects (10)
Hints:
x4 organs
appearance
ECG
HR
thyroid dysfunction
corneal deposits
pulmonary fibrosis/pneumonitis
liver fibrosis/hepatitis
peripheral neuropathy, myopathy
photosensitivity
‘slate-grey’ appearance
thrombophlebitis and injection site reactions
bradycardia
lengths QT interval
Inhibitors of P450 causes INR to?
Inducers of the P450 system causes the INR to
increase
decrease
P450 inducers (therefore reduce efficacy of other drugs due to increased breakdown)
BullShit CRAP GPS
Barbiturates
St John Warts
Carbamezapine
Rifampacin
Alcohol (chronic)
Phenytoin
Griseofluvin
Phenobarbitol
Sulfonylureas + smoking
P4550 inhibitors (therefore increase toxicity risk)
SICKFACES.COM
Sodium valproate
Isoniazid
Cipro
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Acute alcohol
Chloramphenicol
Erythro
Sulfonamides
Cimetidine
Omeprazole
Metronidazole
Loop diuretics adverse effects (6)
Low Na, K+, Mg, Ca
Low BP
Renal impairment
Ototoxicity
Gout
Increased BM
Which anti-anginal can cause ulcers?
Nicorandil
Nicorandil SE (3)
CI
headache
flushing
skin, mucosal and eye ulceration
gastrointestinal ulcers including anal ulceration
left ventricular failure
Adverse effects of carbimazole (2)
Agranulocytosis
Crosses the placenta but can be used in low doses in pregnancy
SE GLP1 mimetics (2)
weight loss
severe pancreatitis
Pioglitazone SE
CI
weight gain
liver impairment
fluid retention
bladder cancer
CI heart failure
SGLT2 SE (4)
urinary and genital infection
fournier’s gangrene
increased risk of lower limb amputation
weight loss
Orlistat SE (2)
Faecal urgency/ incontinence
Flatulence
AZT adverse effects (3)
Bone marrow depression
Pancreatitis
Increased risk of non-melanoma skin ca
AZT interacts with?
Allopurinol - lower doses of AZT should be used in this case
Bisphosphonates adverse effects (4)
Oseophagitis + ulcers
Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Increased risk of stress fractures of proximal femoral shaft
Low calcium
Denosumab SE (2)
diarrhoea
dyspnoea
Common causes of drug induced lupus (2)
Procainamide
Hydralazine
Adverse effects hydroxychloroquine
Bulls eye retinopathy (can result in severe and permanent visual loss)
Leflunomide DMARD CI
pregnancy - contraception is needed whilst on it and for 2 years after for women and 3 months for men
Leflunomide monitoring (3)
FBC, LFT and BP
Leflunomide adverse effects (3)
Lung and liver issues
HTN
MTX adverse effects (5)
mucositis
myelosuppression
pneumonitis
pulmonary fibrosis
liver fibrosis
MTX monitoring
FBC, U+E, LFTs before starting, weekly until stabilised, then every 2-3 months
Sulfasalazine (4)
Rash
Oligospermia
Heinz body anaemia
Interstitial lung disease
Prednisolone (5)
Cushingoid
Osteoporosis
Impaired glucose tolerance
HTN
Cataracts
Penicilliname can exacerbate which condition?
Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis
Etanercept
Demyelination
Reactivation of TB
Prostaglandin analogues (latanoprost)
SE (2)
Brown pigmentation of the iris
Increase eyelash length
Sympathomimetics e.g brimonidine in the rx of glaucoma
Avoid taking with?
SE
MAOI or TCAs
Hyperaemia
Pilocarpine SE (3)
Headache
Constricted pupil
Blurred vision
SE rashes, oligospermia, headache, Heinz body anaemia, megaloblastic anaemia, lung fibrosis
Sulphasalazines
Adverse effects of omeprazole (4)
- Low sodium
- Low magnesium
- Osteoporosis
- Increased risk of c.diff
