Paediatrics Flashcards
what are the primitive reflexes?
- moro
- stepping
- rooting
- palmar and plantar grasp
- atonic neck
what is moro?
sudden head drop = arms out stretched
what is rooting?
baby turns head/opens mouth when corner of mouth is touched
what is atonic neck?
fencing position
when do the primitive reflexes disappear?
- MORO (4 months)
- stePPing (2 months)
- ROOTing (4 months)
- GRASP (4/5 months)
what are the limit ages for gross motor milestones?
- head control = 4 months
- sits unsupported = 9 months
- stand with support = 12 months
- walk independently = 18 months
what are the limit ages for vision and fine motor?
- fixes and follows = 3 months
- reaches = 6 months
- transfers = 9 months
- pincer grip = 12 months
what are the limit ages of hearing, speech, language?
- polysyllabic babble = 7 months
- consonant babble = 10 months
- 6 words with meaning = 18 months
- joining words = 2 years
- 3 word sentences = 2.5 years
what are the limit ages for social, emotional and behaviour skills?
- smiles = 8 weeks
- fears strangers = 10 months
- feeds self with spoon = 18 months
- symbolic play = 2-2.5 years
- interactive play = 3-3.5 years
what information is given in the 2 week new baby review?
- safe sleeping
- vaccination
- feeding
- caring
- development
what are the 8 week vaccination?
- 6 in 1
- Men B
- Rotavirus
what are the 12 week vaccines?
- 6 in 1
- pneumococcal
- rotavirus
what are the 16 week vaccines?
- 6 in 1
- Men B
what are the 1 year vaccine?
- MMR
- Boosters (Hib, Men C, Men B, pneumococcus)
what are the 3yrs 4 month vaccine?
- 2nd MMR
- DTP (Diptheria, Tetanus, Polio)
- Pertussis
what are the vaccines at 12-14 yrs?
2 x HPV
what are the vaccines at 14 years?
DTP
Men ACWY
what is included in 6 in 1 vaccine?
Parents Will Immunise Toddlers Because Death Polio Whooping cough Influenzae (Hib) Tetanus B (Hepatitis) Diptheria
how do you manage Green on NICE traffic light system?
manage at home
appropriate care advise
safety netting
how do you manage Amber on NICE traffic light system?
safety net
or refer to paediatric specialist for further assessment
how do you manage red on traffic light system?
refer urgently to paeds
treatment of early onset sepsis
IV cefotaxime + amikacin + ampicillin
treatment of late onset sepsis
IV meropenem + amikacin + ampicillin
what are the pediatric sepsis red flag signs?
- hypotension
- lactate >2mmol/L
- extreme tachycardia/tachypnoea
- SpO2 <90%/grunting/cyanosis/apnoea
- P/U on AVPU
- immunocompromised
- non-blacnhing rash/mottled skin