Paediatric

Question 1

Under what age does the QAS define a paediatric?

Answer 1

12yrs or less

Question 2

What are the four key categories that encompass the primary differences in assessment than that of an adult?

Answer 2

• Weight
• Anatomy
• Physiology
• Psychology

Question 3

What formula does the QAS use to determine weight in paediatrics?

Answer 3

Luscombe formula

(Age x 3) + 7 = weight in kilograms

Question 4

What are the significant anatomical differences of the paediatric airway?

Answer 4

• Narrow nostrils
• Large tongue
• Loose teeth
• Compressible mouth floor
• Horseshoe-shaped epliglottis
• High anterior larynx
• Narrow & collapsable trachea

Question 5

What are four points to consider regarding paediatric breathing?

Answer 5

• A small amount of airway obstruction can have significant effects on airflow
• Diaphragmatic breathers, therefore rapid gastric decompression can improve respiratory function
• Muscles can fatigue quickly
• Compliant chest wall means significant underlying injury can occur with rib #

Question 6

What are two critical points to remember about paediatric circulation?

Answer 6

• Small total blood volume; small blood or fluid loss maybe clinically significant
• Hypotension is a serious & late sign
▪︎ Resus based on
- HR , cap refill, appearance

Question 7

What is the expected HR, RR & SBP for the following ages;
 • Neonate
 • 6mo
 • 1yr
 • 2-5yrs
 • 6-12yrs

Answer 7

• Neonate
  
  • HR 100-160 / RR 25-50 / SBP 60-70
• 6mo
  
  • HR 100-160 / RR 25-50 /SBP 70-100
• 1yr
  
  • HR 90-150 / RR 25-50 / SBP 70-100
• 2-5yrs
  
  • HR 80-140 / RR 20-30 / SBP 80-110
• 6-12yrs
  
  • HR 70-120 / RR 15-25 / SBP 90-115