Packet 8 Male Reproductive System

Question 1

What male reproductive organ produces testosterone?

Answer 1

Testes

Question 2

What forms the first part of the genital duct system in males where they convey spermatozoa from the testes to the epididymis?

Answer 2

intra-testicular ducts

Question 3

What are the intra-testicular ducts composed of? [3 things]

Answer 3

tubuli recti,
rete testis,
ductuli efferentes

Question 4

What forms the first part of the extra-testicular duct system? What is a big characteristic of it?

Answer 4

epididymis

Highly convoluted [connects distally with the ductus deferens]

Question 5

Where does spermatozoa mature and gain the capacity for motility?

Answer 5

epididymis

Question 6

What is the terminal part of the genital duct system connects the ductus deferens with the urethra? What else connects at this location?

Answer 6

ejaculatory duct

seminal vesicles

Question 7

What is the first of three accessory sex glands in the male? what does it secrete?

Answer 7

seminal vesicles

fructose rich, viscous fluid [nourishes spermatozoa and is major volume]

Question 8

What is the largest male accessory sex gland?

Answer 8

Prostate gland

Question 9

What does the bulbourethral glands secrete?

Answer 9

lubricating pre-seminal fluid into the membranous urethra

Question 10

What layer of the penis does the spermatozoa and urine pass through?

Answer 10

runs through the corpus spongiosum of the penis

Question 11

T-F—testes develop within the abdominal cavity?

Answer 11

True- and descend during embryogenesis to lie outside the body in the scrotum.

Question 12

What is the majority of the testis is formed by?

Answer 12

lobuli testis containing the coiled seminiferous tubules

Question 13

What is the tunica vaginalis?

Answer 13

mesothelium derived peritoneum pouch?

Question 14

Does the tunica vaginalis have a parietal and visceral layer?

Answer 14

Yes
Parietal-contacts wall of scrotum
Visceral- contacts testis

Question 15

What is the dense irregular CT tissue below the germinal epithelium?Which portion is highly vascularized?

Answer 15

Tunica albuginea

Inner portion [Tunica vasculosa]

Question 16

What is the part of the tunica albuginea where the CT septa radiate from dividing the testis into lobules?

Answer 16

mediastinum testis

[considered located posteriorly]

Question 17

Each lobuli testis contains how many coiled seminiferous tubules?

Answer 17

4

Question 18

What is embedded in the mediastinum and makes up the intra-testicular ducts?

Answer 18

Rete testes, tubuli recti

[He does not mention ductuli efferentes as being embedded????]

Question 19

What are the testes 2 main functions?

Answer 19

spermatogenesis

steroidogenesis

Question 20

What are the seminiferous tubules connected to at both ends?

Answer 20

tubuli recti–both ends

Question 21

What structures make up the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 21

seminiferous epithelium [sperm production]

Tunica propria [multilayered]

Question 22

Does the tunica propria contain fibroblasts?

Answer 22

No–myoid cells [myofibroblasts] for collagen synthesis and PERISTALSIS

Question 23

What are the two types of cells the seminiferous epithelium made of?

Answer 23

supporting cells [sertoli-talk columnar]

spermatogenic cells

Question 24

What is a stratified layer of cells that are replicating and differentiating with the most immature cells on the basal lamina and the most mature being released in the lumen?

Answer 24

spermatogenic cells

Question 25

What phase--spermatagonia form primary permatocytes?

Answer 25

spermatogonia phase [mitosis]

Question 26

What phase-- diploid spermatocytes form haploid spermatids?

Answer 26

spermatorcyte phase [meiosis]

Question 27

What phase-- transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa?

Answer 27

spermatid phase

Question 28

Spermatagonia type A dark cells can mitotically divide to form what?

Answer 28

more dark cells or Type A pail cells

Question 29

Spermatogonia type A pail cells can mitotically divide to form what?

Answer 29

more pail cells or Type B cells

Question 30

Spermatagonia Type B cells mitotically divide to form what?

Answer 30

primary spermatocytes [largest nuclei in the seminiferous epithelium]

Question 31

What do primary spermatocytes do? secondary spermatocytes?

Answer 31

1. complete meiosis I to form secondary spermatocytes | 2. complete meiosis I to form spermatids

Question 32

Are spermatagonia A pale cells stem cells?

Answer 32

No the dark ones are

Question 33

Are secondary spermatocytes diploid?

Answer 33

No--haploid in the second phase of meiotic division. Rapid and rarely observed

Question 34

What are the true epithelium of the seminiferous tubules? characteristics?

Answer 34

sertoli cells [supporting cells] columnar from basal lamina to the lumen, oval nucleus, prominent nucleolus

Question 35

What are the 5 roles of sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 35

1. Phagocytosis 2. Exocrine Secretion 3. Endocrine secretion 4. Blood testis Barrier 5. Support nourishment of spermatogenic cells

Question 36

What do sertoli cells phagocytize?

Answer 36

residual bodies-leftover cytoplasmic remnants from maturation of the spermatids

Question 37

What 2 things do sertoli cells secrete as part of their endocrine function?

Answer 37

androgen binding protein- [increased with FSH and maintains concentration of testosterone in the seminiferous tubule] Inhibin- [in response to high testosterone and inhibits FSH]

Question 38

What do sertoli cells form tight junctions with?

Answer 38

other sertolis at the basolateral surface between spermatogonia and spermatocytes [this forms a basal and apical compartments]

Question 39

What is the purpose of sertoli tight junctions?

Answer 39

prevent autoimmune attack of 'foreign' haploid cells in the seminiferous epithelium

Question 40

What cells are not found in the seminiferous epithelium, scattered in groups among the connective tissue elements of the tunica vasculosa?

Answer 40

Leydig cells

Question 41

What are the characteristics of a Leydig Cell?

Answer 41

polygonal developed Golge and sER secrete testosterone

Question 42

What 3 stages are testosterone necessary?

Answer 42

embryogenesis puberty adulthood

Question 43

What are the characteristics of tubuli recti?

Answer 43

short, straight arise from sen. tubules, | lined only by sertolis

Question 44

What are the characteristics of rete testis?

Answer 44

``` interconnected labyrinth in mediastinum simple cuboidal single cilium short mvilli ```

Question 45

What are the characteristics of efferent ductules?

Answer 45

become highly coiled pseudo stratified columnar sawtooth REABSORBS

Question 46

What is the epithelium of the epididymis?

Answer 46

pseudo stratified columnar with stereocilia

Question 47

Does the epididymis have smooth muscle?

Answer 47

Yes- contracts randomly and slowly propels sperm onward

Question 48

What portion of the epididymis has only a thin layer of smooth muscle and reabsorbs fluid?

Answer 48

Head [caput]

Question 49

What portion of the epididymis has an intermediate thickness of smooth muscle, reabsorbs degenerate sperms, and secretes glycoproteins and steroids to aid sperma maturation?

Answer 49

Body [corpus]

Question 50

What portion of the epididymis has the thickes smooth muscle and acts as a reservoir only contracting during ejaculation?

Answer 50

Tail [cauda]

Question 51

Is the ductus deferens muscular??

Answer 51

Yes inner and outer longitudinal innermost circular

Question 52

What is the epithelium of the ductus deferens?

Answer 52

pseudo stratified columnar epithelium with stereo cilia [distinct puckered lumen]

Question 53

What are the histological characteristics of the seminal vesicles?

Answer 53

- convoluted sacs and folded chambers | - pseudo stratified columnar to columnar

Question 54

What does the seminal vesicle secrete? when does it?

Answer 54

viscous, fructose and prostaglandins [70% of ejaculate] smooth muscle externa contracts during ejaculation

Question 55

What are the 4 zones of the prostate gland?

Answer 55

central peripheral transitional periurethral

Question 56

What prostate zone receives the ejaculatory ducts?

Answer 56

central

Question 57

what prostate zone forms posterior gland, 70% of gland tissue, and is the most common site for prostatic adenocarcinoma?

Answer 57

peripheral zone

Question 58

What prostate zone surrounds the prostatic urethra, contains 5 % of glandular tissue?

Answer 58

Transitional zone

Question 59

What prostate zone is the site of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 59

transitional | [compresses urethra hindering urination]

Question 60

What prostatic zone forms the glandular anterior prostate?

Answer 60

periurethral zone

Question 61

T-F-- the column of penis erectile tissue are anchored to the urogenital diaphragm and the pubic portion of the pelvis?

Answer 61

False--the ischium of the pelvis [and is surrounded by a dense fibroelastic CT]

Question 62

What part of the penis is the main erectile tissue of paired columns located on the dorsal penis?

Answer 62

corpus cavernosum composed of large vascular sinuses to receive blood from the central artery

Question 63

What part of the penis is a single column that terminates to form glans penis?

Answer 63

spongiosum

Question 64

What type of of epithelium is the urethra?

Answer 64

pseudo stratified columnar epithelium that changes to stratified squamous distally

Question 65

What secretes mucous along the length of the urethra?

Answer 65

glands of littre

Question 66

approximately how many days does it take for a sperm to completely mature?

Answer 66

64 days

Question 67

In the last page of the notes there is a great chart comparing gametogenesis in males and females.

Answer 67

Check it out…I might add a few cards from.