Package 4 Flashcards
Name the glands in the body that are exclusively endocrine
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal
Name the type of hormones that are stored and secreted from the anterior pituitary gland
Human growth hormone Prolactin Gonadotropins Thyroid stimulating hormone Melanocyte stimulating hormone
What are the two types of gonadotrophins
Follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
Where is melatonin stored in the body?
Pineal gland
What hormones are stored and secreted in the posterior pituitary gland
Oxytocin and anti-diuretic hormone
What hormone is stored in the parathyroid hormone?
PTH-Parathormone
What hormones are stored in secreted in the thyroid?
Thyroxine T4
Triiodothyronine T3
Calcitonin CT
What hormones are produced by the adrenal gland
Cortex
Glucocorticoids: cortisol
Mineralocorticoid: Aldosterone
Androgens: dehydroepiandrosterone
Medulla
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
What separates the two testees in the scrotum?
Dartos mm
Where does sperm production occurs in the testicles?
Seminiferous tubules
What is the name for the interstitial cells in the testes?
Leydig
What hormone stimulates which cells to produce testosterone?
Luteinizing hormone stimulates Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone
Describe the path of sperm and fluid in the male genitalia
Straight tubules Rete testis Epididymis Vas deferens Ejaculatory duct Urethra (Prosthetic, membranous, penile spongy)
Where can you find the arteries and scenes as well as nerves and lymphatic vessels in the genitalia of a male?
Spermatic cord
Where can you find the cremaster muscle?
Spermatic cord
Where does sperm mature?
Epididymis
What are the accessory glands of the male genitalia?
Seminal vesicle, bulbourethra gland, Prostate gland
What is another name for the bulbourethral glands
Cowpers glands
What ligaments support the ovaries?
Broad, ovarian, suspensory
What is another name for a mature folicule in the female reproductive system?
Graafian
What is another name for the vulva and what structures does it include?
The vulva a.k.a. pudendum, includes all female external genitalia; mons pubis, labia minor, labia majora, clitoris, vestibule
What structures are part of the vestibule of the Vulva
Hymen, vaginal orifice, external urethral orifice, openings of ducts of several glands
What gland in the female genitalia produces mucus during sexual arousal to provide lubrication?
Greater vestibular a.k.a. Bartholin’s glands
Name the three ovarian cycle phases
Follicular, ovulation, luteal
Name the four phases of the uterine cycle
Menstrual, pre-ovulatory/proliferative, ovulation, postovulatory
What does the term menarche mean
Beginning of menstruation at puberty
What hormone promotes the increase in basal metabolic rate?
Thyroid hormone
What hormones are produced and secreted by the ovaries?
Estradiol, estrone, progesterone, and inhibin
What does chromaffin cells secrete
Norepinephrine
What anterior pituitary hormone stimulates a gland in the abdominal cavity to secrete cortisol?
The gland is the adrenal gland, and The hormone responsible is adrenocorticotropic hormone
Name some cardinal signs of diabetes Mellitus
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Too much urine, Excessive thirst, and excessive hunger
What anterior pituitary hormone does not target another endocrine gland?
Growth hormone
What organ is responsible for synthesizing the hormone atrial natiruetic peptide Aka ANP
The heart
What is the most important mineralocorticoid regulator of the electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluid?
Aldosterone
What is the single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood?
Parathyroid hormone
What is a group of lipid soluble hormones derived from cholesterol?
Steroids
What anterior pituitary hormone stimulates the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone?
Luteinizing hormone
What would be the result of a hyposecretion of aldosterone?
Dehydration
What blood glucose lowering hormone is produced by the pancreatic islet cells?
Insulin
What disease is caused due to excessive secretion of the thyroid gland?
Graves’ disease
The human papilloma virus is a major risk factor associated with cancer of watch structure?
Cervix
What is the structure that connects the ovaries to the uterus
Uterine a.k.a. fallopian tubes
What is the difference between the dartos muscle and the detrusor muscle
The dartos muscle separates the scrotal sacs and the detrusor muscle helps in urination
