pack 9- lipids and cholesterol Flashcards
when are lipids insoluble
in water
when are lipids soluble
in ethanol
common form of lipids
triglycerides
what are triglycerides made of
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
what are fatty acids made of
long hydrocarbon chain
carboxylic acid group
what bond is formed between glycerol and fatty acids
ester bond
how many ester bonds from a triglyceride
3
3 structural features of saturated fatty acids
long & straight
no carbon to caron double bonds
compact
state of matter- saturated fatty acids
solid
why are saturated fatty acids solid
strong intermolecular bonds due to close packed chains
state of matter- unsaturated fatty acids
liquid
why are unsaturated fatty acids liquid
weaker intermolecular forces due to increased distance between molecules
sources of saturated fatty acids
meat and dairy
sources if unsaturated fatty acids
olive oil and nuts
main feature of unsaturated fatty acids
carbon to carbon double bonds
causes kinks in hydrocarbon chain
when is cholesterol insoluble
in water
how is cholesterol transported
in lipoproteins
what are lipoproteins made of
triglycerides
proteins
cholesterol
LDL and HDL
low density lipoproteins- bad- saturated fatty acids
high density lipoproteins- good- unsaturated fatty acids
LDL role
transport cholesterol to body cells. bind to receptors on cell membranes
HDL role
remove cholesterol from tissue and return to liver
excess LDL
membrane receptors ( LDL receptors) overload so more cholesterol in blood as less is being removed by HDL.
deposit in artery wall and from atheroma
cholesterols function in the body
regulate fluidity of cell membranes
