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Biology- topic 1 > pack 9- lipids and cholesterol > Flashcards

pack 9- lipids and cholesterol Flashcards

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1
Q

when are lipids insoluble

A

in water

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2
Q

when are lipids soluble

A

in ethanol

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3
Q

common form of lipids

A

triglycerides

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4
Q

what are triglycerides made of

A

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

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5
Q

what are fatty acids made of

A

long hydrocarbon chain
carboxylic acid group

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6
Q

what bond is formed between glycerol and fatty acids

A

ester bond

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7
Q

how many ester bonds from a triglyceride

A

3

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8
Q

3 structural features of saturated fatty acids

A

long & straight
no carbon to caron double bonds
compact

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9
Q

state of matter- saturated fatty acids

A

solid

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10
Q

why are saturated fatty acids solid

A

strong intermolecular bonds due to close packed chains

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11
Q

state of matter- unsaturated fatty acids

A

liquid

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12
Q

why are unsaturated fatty acids liquid

A

weaker intermolecular forces due to increased distance between molecules

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13
Q

sources of saturated fatty acids

A

meat and dairy

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14
Q

sources if unsaturated fatty acids

A

olive oil and nuts

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15
Q

main feature of unsaturated fatty acids

A

carbon to carbon double bonds
causes kinks in hydrocarbon chain

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16
Q

when is cholesterol insoluble

A

in water

17
Q

how is cholesterol transported

A

in lipoproteins

18
Q

what are lipoproteins made of

A

triglycerides
proteins
cholesterol

19
Q

LDL and HDL

A

low density lipoproteins- bad- saturated fatty acids
high density lipoproteins- good- unsaturated fatty acids

20
Q

LDL role

A

transport cholesterol to body cells. bind to receptors on cell membranes

21
Q

HDL role

A

remove cholesterol from tissue and return to liver

22
Q

excess LDL

A

membrane receptors ( LDL receptors) overload so more cholesterol in blood as less is being removed by HDL.
deposit in artery wall and from atheroma

23
Q

cholesterols function in the body

A

regulate fluidity of cell membranes

Biology- topic 1 (14 decks)

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