Pacific South America Flashcards
What feature is shared between the Pacific South America and the Caribbean and South America?
Andes Mountains
What three places do the Andes run through?
Ecuador to Bolivia, Peru, and Chile
What is the land of the North Andes like?
More rounded then rugged, split into 2 ridges
What covers the rugged mountain peaks?
Ice caps
What is located at the Southern tip of the continent?
Strait of Magellan
What does the Strait of Magellan link together?
The Atlantic and Pacific oceans
What is a narrow body of water that connects to larger bodies of water called?
strait
What is the biggest factor that affects climate and vegetation?
Elevation
How many climate zones are there in the Andes?
5..
Where is the Atacama Desert located?
Northern Chile
What is an ocean and weather pattern that affects the Pacific Coast called?
El Nino
How often does an El Nino occur?
every 2-7 years
What happens during an El Nino event?
the cool Pacific water near the coast warms. This change may cause extreme ocean and weather events that can have global effects
What happens to the fish during an El Nino?
They leave the rich fishing area
What can El Nino cause?
heavy rains and flooding
The forests provide _______
lumber
The coastal waters provide_______
fish
What is the main export of Ecuador?
oil
What does Bolivia have deposits of?
tin, gold, silver, lead, and zinc
Chile has______
copper deposits
What one thing does the Pacific South America not have a lot of? Why?
good farming because the cool Ari lands make it difficult to produce large amounts of crops for exports.
Tell me three things about the 1st Zone of Climate & Vegetation.
- lowest zone includes hot and humid lower elevations near sea level
- Grow banana and sugar cane
- Found along the coast
Tell me three things about the 2nd Zone
- has moist climates with mountains
- grows coffee beans
- Many large cities are included here
Tell me three things about the 3rd Zone
- Located higher up in the mountains
- grows potatoes and wheat
- the people live and farm
Tell me three things about the 4th Zone
- Located about the treeline
- Contains meadows and treelines
- Altiplano region is located here
Tell me two things about the 5th Zone
- The highest elevation
2. No vegetation grows here because the ground is almost always covered with snow and ice
Who was ruling the region by the 1500’s and controlled the area that stretched from Northern Ecuador to central Chile?
Incas
Was the Inca Empire organized?
Yes! Irrigation projects turned deserts into rich farmland, stone-paved roads connected the empire, used rope suspension bridges
Did the Inca use wheels vehicles or horses?
No, they used a relay team of runners to carry messages, up to 150 miles in one day
Did the Inca have a written language?
No
Why did the Inca empire not last long?
The Spanish Explorer, Fransisco Pizarro captured the king, who ordered gold silver to fill a room. The king was killed, fighting broke out, Spanish controlled the Empire.
How did the Spanish treat the South American Indians?
Badly, they had to work in the gold and silver mines or on Spanish plantations
What is another name for a Spanish governor?
viceroy, appointed by the king of Spain to make sure Indians followed the Spanish laws
Who are the Creoles
South-American born descendants of Europeans who revolted and wanted independence in 1800’s
What countries were created by the success of the revolt?
Chile, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
What language do most in the Pacific South speak?
Spanish
What is the main religion practiced in the Pacific South?
Roman Catholic
