PA radiograph

Question 1

a periapical inflammatory reaction of endodontic origin may exist without being visible radiographically

Answer 1

Bender & Seltzer 1961

Question 2

have reported that peri- apical lesions can be detected radiographically only when loss of alveolar bone is accompanied by cortical bone involvement.

Answer 2

Bender and Seltzer

Question 3

The radiographic lesion always appears smaller than the actual lesion

Answer 3

Seltzer & Bender 1961

Question 4

Radiographic periapical changes (bone resorption) usually takes 2-10 months to be evident even though necrotic pulp remnant is removed by bacteria within 1-3 months after invasion.

Answer 4

Abbott

Question 5

less than 20% of the teeth with apical periodontitis were diagnosed as having apical root resorption by radiographic means
Coincidence radio and histo – 7% only

Answer 5

LAUX & Abbott 2000

Question 6

PA lesion can take 2-5 years to heal

Answer 6

Bystrom et al 1987

Question 7

A 1-year follow-up period is too short to judge a tooth as ‘diseased’

Answer 7

Haapasalo et al. 2011

Question 8

Follow-up for 4 years: teeth with PA lesion: 88% showed signs of healing
Most changes, either towards healing or not healing, occurred within the 1st year
Implying 1 year follow-up is needed.

Answer 8

Ostravik 1996

Question 9

Failures become apparent 6 mo to 2 yrs after tx.

Answer 9

Seltzer & Bender 1966

Question 10

most failures were noted w/in 24 mo

Answer 10

Seltzer & Bender 1967

Question 11

SURGICAL ENDO- If a case shows healing or failure after 1 year, it will stay that way. Uncertain and incomplete should be followed for up to 4 years.

Answer 11

Andreasen & Rud 1972