P3: indefinite article + definite article (CH28/29) Flashcards
onbepaald lidwoord
indefinite article
- a
- an; when noun begins with vowel phoneme (sound)
use indefinite article (7)
- profession (accountant, teacher)
- religion (Muslim, Catholic)
- state in life (millionaire, student)
- one person at a time (captain, chairwoman) => no indefinite article
- after ‘as’; (church is used as a daycare centre)
- after ‘with, without, such’; (with a garage, such a long time)
- before hundred, Thousand, million or ‘one’
indefinite article in Dutch but not in English (5)
- no indefinite article after what before uncountable or plural nouns
- indefinite article is dropped before ‘part of’ + no adjective (part of the year)
met winst
at a profit
met verlies
at a loss
winst maken
make a profit
verlies lijden
make a loss
als gevolg van
as a result/consequence of
op grote schaal
on a large scale
op reis gaan
go on a journey
op zakenreis
on a business trip
het is jammer
it is a pity
wat jammer
what a pity
verkouden zijn
have a cold
verkouden worden
catch (a) cold
haast hebben
be in a hurry
tien euro’s per kilo
ten euros a/per kilo
vijgtig mijl per uur
fifty miles an/per hour
eens per week
once a/per week
twee keer per jaar
twice a /per year
korte tijd later
a short time later/afterwards
er is kans dat
there is a chance that
belangstelling hebben voor
take an interest in
antwoord geven
give an answer/a reply
in hoge/zekere mate
to a large/certain extent
korting geven /krijgen
give/get a discount
keelpijn hebben
have a sore throat
hoofdpijn/kiespijn/maagpijn hebben
have a headache/toothache/stomach-ache
Wat doe je voor de kost?
What do you do for a living?
de kost verdienen
earn a living
met het oog op de toekomst
with a view to the future
in de regel
as a rule
voor de verandering
for a change
use of definite article (7)
- general meaning = no definite article (exception: economy & environment)
- restricted meaning = use definite article
- use of buildings = no definite article
- building itself = definite article
- meals = no definite article (exception: the wedding dinner = specific dinner)
- season= general meaning + beginning of sentence => no definite article
- specific season = definite article (the spring of 1968)
use of definite article + last (4)
- General: last = (vorige/verleden) no definite article;
- before century (in the last century)
- before few (the last few)
- before a number (the last eight)
use of definite article + next
- General: next = (just after this one) no definite article;
- definite article before numbers (in the next 20 years)
- definite article before decade (the next decade)
- definite article when talking about the past (the next eight years)
- definite article when refering to order (volgorde)= the next president
Note: following day within same week = this …day
use of definite article + most
- General: (the majority of) no definite article
2. Meaning (more than anyone else)= the most
use of definite article + half
Meaning ‘half the number/amount’ = half + the (half the crew)
use of definite article + superlative (overtreffende trap)
no definite article (she worked hardest of all)
use of definite article + means of transport
no definite article (by bus)
use of definite article + musical instruments
- no definite article if refering to use (Miles Davis on trumpet)
- definite article if refering to instrument itself (she plays the piano)
op internet
on the Internet
ter gelegenheid van
on the occasion of
op verzoek van
at het request of
op advies van
on the advice of
op aanbeveling van
on the recommendation of
op basis van
on the basis of
op voorstel van
at het suggestion of
in dienst van
in the employ of
op initiatief an
on the initiative of
in tegenwoordigheid van
in the presence of
met stun van
with the support of
met hulp van
with the help of
tot verbazing van
to the surprise of
met medewerking van
with the co-operation of
met uitzondering van
with the exception of
tot (volle) tevredenheid van
to the (full) satisfaction of
in stemming brengen
put to the vote
mode zijn/worden
be/become the fashion
ten koste van
at the expense of
op het spel staan
be at stake
in de praktijk
in practice
uit het oog verliezen
lise sight of
uit het hoofd leren
learn by heart
in het Engels
in English
in het Parlement
in Parliament
Hoe gaan de zaken?
How is business?
De zaken gaan slecht
Business is bad.
het geduld verliezen
lose patience
in het zwart gekleed
dressed in black
