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Top 200 Drugs > P2 Fall Exam 1: GI > Flashcards

P2 Fall Exam 1: GI Flashcards

1
Q

allopurinol: brand

A

Zyloprim

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2
Q

allopurinol: class

A

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor; Antigout

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3
Q

allopurinol: FDA indication

A

Gout; Hyperuricemia, tumor lysis syndrome

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4
Q

allopurinol: less common (1-10%) adverse effects

A

rash, maculopapular eruption, acute attacks of gout with initiation

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5
Q

allopurinol: AE, rare but serious (<1%)

A

agranulocytosis
aplastic anemia
hepatitis
hepatotoxicity
immune hypersensitivity reaction
Renal failure
Steven-Johnson
thrombocytopenia
Toxic epidermal necrolysis

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6
Q

allopurinol: efficacy

A

resolution of gout (pain, stiffness), serum uric acid conc. measured >48 h of therapy

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7
Q

allopurinol: toxicity

A

LFTs, renal function, CBC

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8
Q

allopurinol: patient counsel

A

take after meals
hydrate - to prevent kidney stones
avoid alcohol & caffeine
seek medical attention if, myelosuppression, agranulocytosis, or Steven-Johnson syndrome occur

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9
Q

dicyclomine: brand

A

Bentyl

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10
Q

dicyclomine: class

A

antimuscarinic

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11
Q

dicyclomine: FDA indication

A

irritable bowel syndrome

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12
Q

dicyclomine: common AE (>10%)

A

decreased sweating, xerostomia, blurred vision, dizziness, GI distress - constipation, drowsiness

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13
Q

dicyclomine: less common AE (1-10%)

A

tachycardia, urinary retention

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14
Q

dicyclomine: rare but serious AE (<1%)

A

Psychosis, euphoria, anaphylaxis, drug dependence

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15
Q

dicyclomine: efficacy

A

improved bowel function, decreased flatulence, diarrhea

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16
Q

dicyclomine: toxicity

A

Rapid HR, severe dizziness, unusual thoughts, shortness of breath, or severe rash

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17
Q

dicyclomine: patient counsel

A

-drowsiness / avoid driving/operating equipment
-heat prostration (due to decreased sweating) in hot environment

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18
Q

metoclompramide: brand

A

Reglan

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19
Q

metoclopramide: class

A

dopamine antagonist

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20
Q

metoclopramide: FDA indications

A

diabetics gastroparesis, GERD

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21
Q

metoclopramide: common AE (>10%)

A

Asthenia, somnolence

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22
Q

metoclopramide: less common AE (1-10%)

A

Dizziness, Headache, Visual distrubances

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23
Q

metoclopramide: rare but serious (<1%)

A

Malignant hypertension, Arrhythmias, Galactorrhea, Amenorrhea, Gynecomastia, Impotence secondary to hyperprolactinemia, agranulocytosis, dystonia, Extrapyramidal reactions, Tardive dyskinesia, Hallucinations

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24
Q

metoclopramide: efficacy

A

reduction in nausea and vomiting

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25
Q

metoclopramide: toxicity

A

seek medical attention if, elevated BP, heart palpitation, fluid retention, unusual bruising or bleeding, or involuntary jerking movements

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26
Q

metoclopramide: patient counseling

A

-EMPTY STOMACH, 30 min before meal + bedtime
-not for long-term use
-oral dispersible tablet: dry hands, tab in mouth, should melt quickly, after melted, swallow/take drink

27
Q

ondansetron: brand

A

Zofran

28
Q

ondansetron: class

A

antimetic

29
Q

ondansetron: FDA indication

A

Chemotherapy-induced NV, Prevention of post-op NV, Radiation-induced NV

30
Q

ondansetron: common AE (>10%)

A

Constipation, Diarrhea, Headache

31
Q

ondansetron: less common (1-10%)

A

Xerostomia, Increased LFTs, Dizziness, Fever

32
Q

ondansetron: Rare but Serious AE (<1%)

A

Arrhythmias, Anaphylaxis, Serotonin syndrome

33
Q

ondansetron: toxicity

A

Heart palpitations, Shortness of breath, Severe rash

34
Q

Ondansetron: patient counseling

A

Dry hands before handling disintegrating tablet.
Do not open the blister pack until ready to take.
Do not push the OD tab through the foil.
Place tab in mouth, allow to melt, swallow, drink water.

35
Q

promethazine: brand

A

Phenergan

36
Q

promethazine: class

A

Phenothiazine Antihistamine

37
Q

promethazine: FDA indication

A

Motion sickness, Allergy, NV

38
Q

promethazine: Common AE (>10%)

A

Somnolence, Xerostomia

39
Q

promethazine: Less common AE (1-10%)

A

Constipation, Nausea

40
Q

Promethazine: Rare but Serious AE (<1%)

A

Respiratory depression, Hypotensionm Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Agranulocytosis, Extrapyramidal symptoms, Seizures, Photosensitivity

41
Q

promethazine: toxicity

A

Mental status, Vital signs

42
Q

promethazine: Patient counsel

A

Drowsiness + avoid driving and alcohol

43
Q

esomeprazole: brand

A

Nexium

44
Q

esomeprazole: Common AE (>10%)

A

Headache

45
Q

esomeprazole: Less common AE (1-10%)

A

Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, Flatulence

46
Q

esomeprazole: Rare but Serious AE (<1%)

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Pancreatitis, Hepatotoxicity, Bone fracture, Rhabdomyolysis, Acute interstitial nephritis

47
Q

esomeprazole: toxicity

A

severe headache or blistering skin rash

48
Q

esomeprazole: patient counsel

A

take 1 h before meal

49
Q

omeprazole: Less common AE (1-10%)

A

Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Headache

50
Q

omeprazole: Rare but Serious AE (<1%)

A

Toxic epidermal nexrolysis, Clostridium difficile diarrhea, Pancreatitis, Hepatoxicity, Hip fracture, Rhabdomyolysis, Acute interstitial nephritis

51
Q

omeprazole: toxicity

A

severe headache or blistering skin rash. Seek medical attention for signs of liver failure, elevated LFTs.

52
Q

omeprazole: patient counsel

A

take 1 hour before meals

53
Q

pantoprazole: brand

A

Protonix

54
Q

pantoprazole: Less common AE (1-10%)

A

Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Flatulence, Headache

55
Q

Pantoprazole: Rare but Serious AE (<1%)

A

Toxic epidermla necrolysis, Steven-Johnson, Thrombocytopenia, Hip fracture, Rhabdomyolysis, Acute interstitial nephritis, cutaneous or systemic lupus erythematosus

56
Q

pantoprazole: toxicity

A

BMD, serum Mg

57
Q

pantoprazole: Patient counsel

A

Take w/ or w/o food, but best if taken before meals to reduce acid production.
Seek medical care: severe headache or blistering skin rash

58
Q

Famotidine: toxicity

A

Severe blistering skin rash

59
Q

famotidine: patient counsel

A

Take at bedtime.
May take w/ food or antacids, if needed.
shake suspension well before use

60
Q

lansoprazole: Less common AE (1-10%)

A

Diarrhea, Headache

61
Q

lansoprazole: Rare but Serious AE (<1%)

A

Steven-Johnson, Rhabdomyolysis, Acute interstitial nephritis, Clostridium difficile diarrhea, Hypomagnesemia

62
Q

lansoprazole: toxicity

A

seek medical attention if severe headache or blistering skin rash occurs.
CBC, LFTS, SCr, serum Mg

63
Q

lansoprazole: patient counsel

A

Take on an empty stomach 1 h before meals
Separate admin from other antacids
Caps may be sprinkled on 1 Tbls. of applesauce.
More effective if taken regularly than prn

Top 200 Drugs (8 decks)

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