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Science year 8 > P2 Energy > Flashcards

P2 Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you measure energy

A

Joules (J)

kilojoules (KJ)

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2
Q

What do you need energy for

A 
Keep body warm
To breathe
Move
Talk 
Growth (muscles, bones, brain)
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3
Q

What happened if you take in too much energy

A

Your body stores it as fat to use in the future

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4
Q

What is energy stored in

A

Food and fuels

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5
Q

what do you need to burn both food and fuels

A

Oxygen

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6
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transfered

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7
Q

What are types of energy store

A 
Chemical (food)
Thermal 
Kinetic (moving)
Gravitational potential 
Elastic
Light
Sound
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8
Q

How do you transfer energy on a daily basis

A

When using your phone

After use there is less energy in the chemical store and more in the thermal store of the surroundings

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9
Q

What do we mean when we say saving energy

A

Energy is conserved but if we transfer more of it to the useful store we save the fuel

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10
Q

What does dissipated mean

A

Energy that has become spread out or ‘wasted’ by heating the environment

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11
Q

Why do things happen

A

Energy tell us what changes are possible - forces not energy explain why things move.
The force provided by the energy makes something move or do something

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12
Q

What is temperature

A

A measure of how hot or cold something is

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13
Q

What do you use to measure temperature

A

A thermometer in degrees Celsius

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14
Q

What is the difference between energy and temperature

A

You can have a swimming pool and a beaker the same temp but the swimming pool has more thermal energy in store because of the volume

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15
Q

What happens if you heat a solid

A

The particles vibrate more

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16
Q

What happened if you heat a liquid or gas

A

The particles move faster and vibrate more

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17
Q

How do things get hotter

A

When you heat solids liquid or gases the particles move or vibrate faster

18
Q

How can you increase the temperature of something

A

Using energy

19
Q

How much energy do you need to heat something

A

It depends on:
The mass of material
What the material is made of
The temp you want to ride to

20
Q

What is equilibrium

A

When no more energy is transferred between thermal stores - they stay the same temp

21
Q

What is conduction

A

It holds energy well and transfers it very quickly

22
Q

What can energy be transferred by

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

23
Q

How does conduction work

A

The particles transfer energy by colliding with each other when they vibrate

24
Q

What are insulators

A

A material that does not conduct electricity or transfer energy well

25
Q

What is convection

A

The transfer of energy by the movement of gases or liquids

26
Q

What is radiation

A

The transfer of energy as a wave

27
Q

What is convection current

A

The movement of liquid or gases (heating soup)

28
Q

How does sound energy travel

A

Energy is transferred to the surroundings - the air gets a bit warmer and the particles in the air move faster and the particles in the walls vibrate more

29
Q

When is energy transferred by conduction

A

I’d there’s a temperature difference between the ends of it

30
Q

How fast does energy transfer

A

It transfers much slower through a insulator like wood

31
Q

What is infrared radiation

A

Radiation given off by the sun and other objects that brings about energy transfer

32
Q

Do you need particles to transfer energy by radiation

A

No

33
Q

What does radiation emitted depend on

A

The temperature

The surface

34
Q

What is a thermal imaging camera

A

A camera that absorbs infatuated and produces a (false colour) image

35
Q

What are fossil fuels

A

Energy resources that were formed millions of years ago

36
Q

What does non-renewable mean

A

That you cannot easily get more of the material when they run out

37
Q

What are example of non-renewable sources

A

Oil
Coal
Gas

38
Q

What are examples of renewable sources

A 
Wind
Water (any type)
39
Q

What is the main problem of burning fossil fuels

A

They let off carbon dioxide which is a greenhouse gas and contributes to climate change

40
Q

How do thermal power stations work

A

A fuel burns to heat water and produce steam
The steam powers a turbine
The turbine powers a generator
This provides a push so current flows

Science year 8 (10 decks)

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