C3 Metals And Acids Flashcards
When matals react with hydrochloride acid what are the products
Hydrogen and a chloride salt
eg… zinc chloride + hydrogen
How do you decribe a reaction
On how vigorous it was
How do other metal react with acids
Metals have patterns in chemical properties. But some metal react more vigorously with acids compared to others
How do you test for hydrogen
Collect the gas from the reaction
Light a splint
Hold the splint over the test tube that contains the gas
Listen, if the aplint goes out with a squeakz pop, the gas is hydrogen
Why does the squeaky pop happen
Hydrogen and oxygen react explosively - the product is water
Do all metals react with dilute acids
Some metals dont - gold silver or copper in hydrochloric acid
What afe state symbols
They give the state of a substance in a chemical equation
What does (s) mean
Solid
What does (l) mean
Liquid
What does (g) mean
Gas
What does (aq) mean
Dissolved in water
Where can you find hydrochloric acid natually
In animals and humans stomachs
What happenss when magnesium reacts with oxyegn
It burns vigorously
What is the product when a metal and oxygen react
The metal oxide
Eg:
Zinc oxide (2ZnO)
How do other metals reacts with oxygen
When zinc reacts you see bright white sparks in the burnsern falme same woth iron
Copper doesnt burn it forms black copper oxide on its surface
Gold is unreactive
How do reactions with acids and oxygen compare
There is a pattern. Metala that reacts vigorously with dilute acids also react vigorously with oxygen. Metals that dont react with dilite acid dont react with oxygen
What is the balanced symbol equation for magnesium and oxygen
2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s)
What metals dont react with water
Copper, stainless steel, gold
What are the droducts of calcium and water
Calcium hydroxide + hydrogen
How do other metal react with water
Group 1 metals react very vigorously with water
Potassium reacts with a flame - sodium and lithium react slightly less vigorously
How does magnesium react with steam
Magnesium reacts quickly with steam - it lets off its bright white light
How do you get magnesium to react with steam in the experiment
You need mineral wool soaked in water to make steam by heating it woth a bunsern burner
What are the products when metals react with steam
Hydrogen and metal oxide
What is the reactivity series
The list of metals in order of how vigorously they react with acids, oxygen, and water
How do scientists get copper from rock by using chemical reactions
Add sulfuric acid to the rock, copper sulfate forms
Add watse iron to the cooper solution and the iron displaces the copper from its compound
What is a displacement reaction
In a displacement reaction, a more reactive metal displaces - or pushes out- a less reactive metal from its compound
What is the balenced symbol equation for copper sulfate and iron
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) —> FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
What will happen if you add copper to a magnesium sulfate solution
Nothing will happen because magnesium is more reactive so copper can’t displace it
What is a thermite reaction
Reaction of aluminium with iron ti make aluminium oxide and iron
What happens in a thermite reaction
You have to mix two powders and heat them strongly. The reaction is exothermic. Tge reaction get so hot that the iron melts
Do oxides take part in displacement reactions
Yes - an example of this is the thermite reaction
What is an ore
A substance that you can extract metal from
How are metal extracted from ores
Seperate the metal oxide from the compounds its mixed with
Use chemical reactions to extract the metal from the metal oxide
Which metals can be displaced by carbon
Any of the metals that are below it in the reactivity series
Where is carbon in the reactivity series
Between aluminium and zinc
Can carbon extract any metal from its compounds
No - it cant displace metals above it in the reactivity series
