P2: Dynamic Development Flashcards
What are social development indicators
They are used to assess how well a country is developing in key areas such as health, education and diet
What are economic development indicators
Used to measure how developed a country is through financial and industrial means
What are the human factors which have caused uneven development (Nigeria and generally)
Female literacy rate- less than 35% in the north and more than 80% in the south
Conflict- Boko Haram 600 teachers killed
Uneven wealth distribution- most wealth is concentrated around the south near the Niger delta (where oil is)
Trade, conflict, corrupted governments, political uprisings, environments/climate
What are the physical factors that have affected uneven development?
Being landlocked in North
Location
Climate- i.e in Nigeria in north only rains around 1016-1270mm/year and in south western parts it’s 4064
How do debt, trade and political unrest make it difficult to break out of poverty
Debt- means that the country has to spend money on repaying loans that have added interest from other countries and it can’t be spent on developing healthcare or supplying basic necessities. Means that children can’t get gd education then jobs etc
Political unrest- means physical damage to schools, hospitals, infrastructure. Money needed to be spent etc.
Global distribution of ACs, EDs and LIDCs
ACs typically found in European countries, northern hemisphere with exception of Australia,
EDCs more found in South Asia, i.e China and India
LIDCs in Africa
How do development indicators illustrate consequences of uneven development
HDI- combines literacy rate, life expectancy and income
GNI- total value of products and goods in a country/ year
Rostow’s model of Lagos
Stage 3, in Take Off
manufacturing industry is 43%
“core region” being Lagos
can’t be Stage 4 because of poor social indicators and distribution of wealth
limitation of model: doesn’t take into account corruption and other barriers to development
Trade in Nigeria
imports substantially from China and EU, rice, wheat transport equipment and phones (china)
exports almost 50% of goods to EU, 91% is oils and mineral fuels, heavily reliant on it, so much that price dropped from over $100 to $35, price constantly fluctuates, not sustainable in long term
Impacts of TNCs in Nigeria
oil spills: 9 billion barrels since 1958
Ogoni people, ruins food supply and land
6000 direct jobs, 90% Nigerian
Advantages and disadvantages of international aid/ debt relief
multilateral aid: from IMF and World Bank: mosquito nets for malaria…
UK: has increased the income of 1.6 million Nigerians since 2015, y creating jobs, better health and education
