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z- Chemistry > P2 2e extraction and uses of metals > Flashcards

P2 2e extraction and uses of metals Flashcards

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1
Q

what is galena?

A

lead sulphate PbS

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2
Q

what is haematite ?

A

iron oxide Fe2O3

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3
Q

what is bauxite?

A

aluminium oxide Al2O3

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4
Q

what is used in the blast furnace?

A

haematite, coke (carbon) and limestone (CaCO3)

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5
Q

everything above carbon gets?

A

extracted by electrolysis

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6
Q

what is anode?

A

positive

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7
Q

what is a cathode?

A

negative

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8
Q

what is used for the anodes and cathodes?

A

graphite bc its a good conductor

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9
Q

what is an ore?\

A

when metals are chemically combined with other substances

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10
Q

how can metal be extracted from ores?

A

blast furnace, electrolysis or by reacting it with a more reactive metal

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11
Q

how do metals get extracted when they are too reactive?

A

by electrolysis

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12
Q

how do metals get extracted when they are less reactive?

A

blast furnace

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13
Q

how do silver and gold get extracted?

A

they dont, they are found as pure elements because they are very un-reactive

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14
Q

what do metals above carbon get extracted by?

A

electrolysis

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15
Q

what are uses of aluminium?

A

aeroplane bodies, overhead power cables, saucepans, food cans, window frames

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16
Q

what are the uses of copper?

A

electrical wires and water pipes

17
Q

what are the uses of mild steel?

A

car body panels and wires

18
Q

what are the uses of high carbon steel?

A

tools and chisels

19
Q

what are the uses of low alloy steel?

A

construction, bridges, high speed tools

20
Q

what are the uses of stainless steel?

A

cutlery and sinks, chemical plants

21
Q

what are alloys?

A

mixture of metals where the metals are mixed physically but not chemically combined

22
Q

what are properties most alloys have?

A

strength
hardness
resistance to corrosion
extreme temps

23
Q

why are alloys harder than normal metals?

A

they have atoms of different size which distorts the regular arrangement of atoms and creates uneven layers making it harder to slide over each other

24
Q

why is limestone used in a blast furnace?

A

to remove impurities

25
Q

what is coke?

A

an impure form of carbon

26
Q

what happens in a blast furnace?

A

zone 1
- coke burns in the hot air forming carbon dioxide
zone 2
- at high temps more coke reacts with CO2 forming carbon monoxide
zone 3
- CO reduces iron oxide in the iron ore to form iron
- it will melt and collect at the bottom
- limestone is added and is decomposes to form calcium oxide
- slag which is calcium silicate collects at the bottom

z- Chemistry (28 decks)

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