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z- Chemistry > P1 4a introduction > Flashcards

P1 4a introduction Flashcards

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1
Q

what are organic compounds?

A

compounds that contain carbon

- with exception to metal carbonates, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide

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2
Q

what is a hydrocarbon?

A

compounds that contain only hydrogen and carbon atoms

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3
Q

what is a homologous series?

A

a series or family of organic compounds that have similar features and chemical properties

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4
Q

what do all members of the homologous series have?

A
  • the same general formula
  • same functional group
  • similar chemical properties
  • gradation in their physical properties
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5
Q

what is a functional group?

A

a group of atoms bonded in a specific arrangement that inferences the properties of a homologous series

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6
Q

what is the homologous series of alkanes general formula?

A

CnH2n+2

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7
Q

what is the homologous series of alkanes functional group?

A

C-C

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8
Q

what is the homologous series of alkenes general formula?

A

CnH2n

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9
Q

what is the homologous series of alkenes functional group?

A

C=C

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10
Q

what is the homologous series of alcohols general formula?

A

CnH(2n+1)OH

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11
Q

what is the homologous series of alcohols functional group?

A

-OH

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12
Q

what is the homologous series of carboxylic acids general formula?

A

CnH(2n+1)COOH

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13
Q

what is the homologous series of carboxylic acids functional group?

A

-COOH

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14
Q

what is the named order (first part of the name) that tells you how many carbons it has

A 
meth - 1
eth - 2 
prop - 3
but - 4
pent - 5 
hex - 6 
hept - 7
oct - 8
non - 9 
dec - 10
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15
Q

what is an isomer?

A

compounds that have the same molecular formula but can be displayed differently (in the displayed formula)

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16
Q

what are the there types of reactions organic compounds can be classified into?

A

substitution
addition
combustion

17
Q

what happens in substitution?

A

when one functional group is replaced by another

18
Q

what happens in addition?

A

when two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule with no other products

19
Q

what happens in complete combustion?

A

burning with unlimited supply of air

- an organic substance reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water, when complete

20
Q

what happens in incomplete combustion?

A

burning with limited supply of air

- the substance will react with oxygen to form carbon monoxide and water

z- Chemistry (28 decks)

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