P1C2 (Anatomy and Physiology)

Question 1

Why should estheticians have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology?

Answer 1

Because services have an impact on body systems

Question 2

Cells are made up of a colorless, jellylike substance called ______________ in which food elements such as fat, protein, carbs, mineral salts and water are present in.

Answer 2

protoplasm

Question 3

The four principal parts of a cell include:

Answer 3

protoplasm, organelles, nucleus, and cell membrane

Question 4

Found in the center of the cell; plays an important role in cell production.

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 5

The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells called daughter cells is:

Answer 5

mitosis

Question 6

Cells will continue to grow and thrive as long as conditions are favorable, such as suitable temperature, the ability to eliminate waste products, and an adequate supply of which three things?

Answer 6

nutrients, oxygen, and water

Question 7

The complex chemical process whereby body cells are nourished and supplied with the energy needed to carry on their many activities is called:

Answer 7

metabolism

Question 8

Fat or ___________ tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body.

Answer 8

Adipose

Question 9

A collection of similar cells that perform a similar function is known as:

Answer 9

Tissue

Question 10

The protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin, mucous membranes, lining of the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and glands is:

Answer 10

epithelial

Question 11

The complex chemical process whereby body cells are nourished and supplied with the energy needed to carry on their many activities is called:

Answer 11

metabolism

Question 12

Tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions is known as _______________ tissue>

Answer 12

nerve

Question 13

What type of tissue supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body?

Answer 13

connective

Question 14

Collections of tissues that have an identifiable structure and that perform specific functions are:

Answer 14

organs

Question 15

Group of organs that cooperate for a common purpose, namely the welfare of the entire body, are known as:

Answer 15

systems

Question 16

The integumentary system is made up of the _____________ and its various accessory organs.

Answer 16

skin

Question 17

The skeletal system is composed of:

Answer 17

bones

Question 18

How would you describe the circulatory system?

Answer 18

It controls the blood supply.

Question 19

The stomach and intestines are a part of which system?

Answer 19

digestive

Question 20

The cranium is made up of how many bones?

Answer 20

8

Question 21

What bone forms the forehead?

Answer 21

frontal

Question 22

The bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are called:

Answer 22

parietal

Question 23

The bones of the upper jaw are called:

Answer 23

maxillae

Question 24

The largest and strongest bone of the face is called:

Answer 24

the mandible

Question 25

The hindmost bone of the skull is:

Answer 25

the occipital bone

Question 26

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm is called:

Answer 26

the humerus

Question 27

The three parts of muscle are:

Answer 27

origin, insertion, and belly

Question 28

The bones that form the sides of the head are called:

Answer 28

the temporal bones

Question 29

The muscle that enables you to close your eyes is:

Answer 29

the orbicularis oculi

Question 30

One of the muscles of the jaw used in chewing is:

Answer 30

masseter

Question 31

The muscle that draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is called:

Answer 31

the corrugator muscle

Question 32

The broad muscle that extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin and is responsible for lowering the jaw and the lip is called:

Answer 32

the platysma

Question 33

The muscle extending alongside the neck from the ear to the collarbone and rotates the head from side to side and up and down, is called:

Answer 33

sternocleidomastoid

Question 34

The large, thick, triangular-shaped muscle that covers the shoulder and lifts and turns the arm outward is called:

Answer 34

the deltoid

Question 35

The muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, lift the forearm, and flex the elbow are:

Answer 35

the biceps

Question 36

The muscles that turn the hand outward and the palm upward are called

Answer 36

supinators

Question 37

The muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line are called:

Answer 37

extensors

Question 38

The muscles located at the base of each digit that separate the fingers are called:

Answer 38

abductor

Question 39

The muscles that involve the bending or flexing of the wrist are:

Answer 39

flexors

Question 40

The muscle that assists in the swinging of the arms is called:

Answer 40

the pectoralis

Question 41

What part of the nervous system controls consciousness and mental activities?

Answer 41

central nervous system

Question 42

Estheticians are primarily concerned with which three nerves?

Answer 42

5, 7, 11

Question 43

Which system carries oxygenated blood from the heart, throughout the body, and back again?

Answer 43

systemic

Question 44

The blood is made up of which four components?

Answer 44

red and white blood cells, plasma, and platelets

Question 45

Which system protects the body from disease?

Answer 45

lymphatic system

Question 46

The most complex organ of the endocrine system that effects almost every physiological process of the body is which gland?

Answer 46

pituitary gland

Question 47

What secretes enzyme producing cells responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?

Answer 47

pancreas

Question 48

Which system are the fallopian tubes a part of?

Answer 48

female reproductive system

Question 49

Which hormone is dominant in males?

Answer 49

testosterone

Question 50

What spongy tissue exchanges air for carbon dioxide?

Answer 50

lungs

Question 51

Which part of the breathing cycle absorbs oxygen into the blood?

Answer 51

inhalation

Question 52

The act of moving food along the digestive tract is called:

Answer 52

peristalsis

Question 53

Which system is responsible for eliminating waste from the body?

Answer 53

excretory

Question 54

How does the skin purify the body?

Answer 54

It eliminates salt

Question 55

Which organ discharges bile and helps to break down digestive fat?

Answer 55

the liver

Question 56

What is anatomy?

Answer 56

the study of the structures of the human body

Question 57

Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue?

Answer 57

histology

Question 58

If you study the functions and activities performed by the body structures, what are you studying?

Answer 58

physiology

Question 59

Which body system is comprised of the largest organ of the body?

Answer 59

integumentary system

Question 60

Which body system forms the physical foundation of the body?

Answer 60

skeletal

Question 61

When performing treatments, you need to know about what system that controls the muscle movements of the face?

Answer 61

nervous system

Question 62

With which system can we pass on our genetics from one generation to the next?

Answer 62

reproductive system

Question 63

What is the study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system?

Answer 63

neurology

Question 64

Which subdivision of the nervous system controls the five senses?

Answer 64

central nervous system

Question 65

Which system has both sensory and motor nerves and carries messages to and from the CNS?

Answer 65

peripheral nervous system

Question 66

Which system regulates muscles responsible for respiration and your heart beating?

Answer 66

autonomic nervous system

Question 67

What is the largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body?

Answer 67

brain

Question 68

What are the nerve endings of sensory nerves called?

Answer 68

receptors