P1: The Respiratory System Flashcards
Define Breathing Rate
Breathing Rate - The number of breathes per minute
What is the Resting Average for Breathing Rate?
The Resting Average for Breathing Rate is 12-15 breaths per minute
Define Tidal Volume
Tidal Volume - The volume of air inhaled/exhaled per breath
What is the Resting Average for Tidal Volume?
The Resting Average for Tidal Volume is 500ml
What is Tidal Volume measured in?
Tidal Volume is measured in ml
Define Minute Ventilation
Minute Ventilation - The volume of air inhaled/exhaled in one minute
What is the word equation for Minute Ventilation?
Minute Ventilation = Breathing Rate x Tidal Volume
What is the symbol equation for Minute Ventilation?
VE = f x TV
What is the Resting Average for Minute Ventilation?
The Resting Average for Minute Ventilation is 6000 ml/min
(12 x 500 = 6000)
What is the symbol for Breathing Rate?
The symbol for Breathing Rate is ‘f’
What is the symbol for Tidal Volume?
The symbol for Tidal Volume is ‘TV’
What is the symbol for Minute Ventilation?
The symbol for Minute Ventilation is ‘VE’
What is the Pathway of Air?
The Pathway of Air
- Mouth/Nose
-> Trachea
-> Bronchi
-> Bronchioles
-> Alveoli
What happens at the Alveoli?
Alveoli
- Oxygen diffuses into the blood from the Alveoli
- Carbon Dioxide diffuses out of the blood and into the Alveoli
(These happen at the same time)
How does diffusion work in the Alveoli in terms of a Concentration Grade?
In the Alveoli, gases diffuse Down the Concentration Grade
Define Inspiration
Inspiration - Breathing in
Define Expiration
Expiration - Breathing out
What happens during Inspiration?
Inspiration
-Intercostal muscles contract and pull ribs up and out
-> Diaphragm contracts and moves down
-> Lungs increase in size/volume and decrease in pressure
-> Air rushes into the lungs
-> Gaseous exchange takes place in the Alveoli
What happens during Expiration?
Expiration
- Intercostal muscles relax and pushes ribs down and in
-> Diaphragm relaxes and moves in
-> Lungs decrease in size and increase in pressure
-> Air rushes out of the lungs
