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Gcse Physics > P1 > Flashcards

P1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy stored in?

A

Energy stores

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2
Q

How is energy transferred?

A

Heating, waves, an electric current or by a force when it moves an object

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3
Q

Describe the energy store changes when an object falls and gains speed?

A

It’s store of gravitational potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy store increases

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4
Q

What happens to a falling objects energy as its kinetic energy store decreases?

A

Some or all of its energy is transferred to the sorroundings. The thermal energy store of the sorroundings increases and energy is also transferred by sound waves

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5
Q

What are the 5 types of energy store?

A

Chemical
Kinetic
Gravitational potential
Elastic potential
Thermal

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6
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Fuels, foods or chemicals found in batteries

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7
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy of an object has because it is moving

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8
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

The energy stored in an object because of its position, such as an object above the ground

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9
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

The energy stored in a springy object when you stretch or squash it

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10
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

The energy a substance has because of its temperature

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11
Q

What is the conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

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12
Q

Does conservation of energy apply to all energy changes?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A system in which no energy transfers take place out of or into the energy stored of the system

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14
Q

Can energy be transferred between energy stores within a closed system?

A

Yes

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15
Q

What is the total energy of the system before and after any transfers?

A

The same

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16
Q

What is work done?

A

Amount of energy required to do something/ transferring energy

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17
Q

What is the work done equation with units?

A

Work done(Joules)= Force(N) X distance(cm)

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18
Q

What is the relationship between energy transferred and work done?

A

They are equal

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19
Q

What is work done to overcome friction?

A

Transferred as energy to the thermal energy stored of the objects that run together and to the sorroundings

20
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

How much higher or lower you are than sea level

21
Q

What is the gravitational potential energy with units?

A

Gpe(joules)= mass(kg) X gravitational field strength(N/kg) X height(m)

22
Q

What is the value of gravity atop Al field strength always on earth?

A

9.8N/kg

23
Q

What is the weight equation with units?

A

Weight= Mass X gravitational field strength

24
Q

What is the change in an objects GPE store equation with units?

A

GPE(joules)= weight(N) X change of height(m)

25
Q

Is the gravitational attraction the surface of the moon more or less than earths surface?

A

Less

26
Q

What is the kinetic energy equation with units?

A

Kinetic energy( joules) = 0.5 X mass(kg) X speed squared( m/s squared)

27
Q

What does the energy in the kinetic energy store of a moving object depend on?

A

It’s mass and speed

28
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

The energy stored in an elastic object when work is done on the object

29
Q

What is the elastic potential energy equation with units?

A

Elastic potential energy(joules) = 0.5 X spring constant( N/m) X extension squared( m squared)

30
Q

What is useful energy?

A

The energy in the place we want it and in the form we need it

31
Q

What is wasted energy?

A

The energy that is not useful energy and is transferred by a undesired pathway

32
Q

What happens to wasted energy?

A

Transferred to the surroundings which become warmer

33
Q

What happens as energy dissipates?

A

It gets less and less useful

34
Q

In simple terms, what does dissipates mean?

A

How things loose energy/ spreads out

35
Q

What is the efficiency equation?

A

Efficiency= (usefull energy transferred divided by energy supplied to appliance) X 100

36
Q

What can no energy transfer be more than?

A

100%

37
Q

How do machines waste energy?

A

Friction between their moving parts, air resistance, electrical resistance and noise

38
Q

How can machines be made more efficient?

A

By reducing the energy they waste eg lucbrication is used to reduce friction between moving parts.

39
Q

What is the maximum efficiency?

A

1 or 100%

40
Q

What supplies most of the energy used in a home?

A

Electricity and gas and/ or oil

41
Q

What form of energy does electrical appliances transfer energy in?

A

Useful

42
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of transfer of energy

43
Q

What is the power equation with units?

A

Power(watts) = Energy transferred to appliance(joules) divided by time taken( seconds)

44
Q

What is the efficiency equation?

A

Efficiency= (useful power out divided by total power in) X 100

45
Q

What is the power wasted equation?

A

Power wasted= total power in - useful power out

Gcse Physics (11 decks)

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