P/S lecture 7

Question 1

multi store model of memory

Answer 1

only sensory info that is given attention is put into ST

Question 2

broadbent filter model of selective attention

Answer 2

bent is filtered out, broad info gets thru and goes thru bottleneck to higher level processing THEN ST mem

Question 3

treisman attenuation model of selective attention

Answer 3

analogous to cocktail party effect; all kinds of info is stored (via flexible bottleneck) but unattended is only subconscious

Question 4

three components of tasks that affect multitasking

Answer 4

similarity, difficulty, ability to perform them

Question 5

schema

Answer 5

mental frameworks which allow us to use past experiences to respond to new ones (some flexibility is seen btw both old and new)

Question 6

insight

Answer 6

like a lightbulb after a puzzling brainstorm

Question 7

heuristic

Answer 7

mental rule of thumb, shortcut, or guideline

Question 8

algorithm

Answer 8

step by step procedure

Question 9

confirmation bias

Answer 9

occurs when we only seek support for our ideas

Question 10

fixation

Answer 10

pertaining to mindset – inability to accept another idea or restructure an old one; similar to belief perseverance which occurs when contrary evidence is also provided

Question 11

functional fixedness

Answer 11

only seeing 1 use for an object

Question 12

mental set

Answer 12

approaching situations similarly bc they worked before (ie me approaching the mcat like an important beam routine)

Question 13

belief bias

Answer 13

tendency to judge conclusions based on preconceived ideas instead of using the logic of the arguments to do so

Question 14

availability heuristic

Answer 14

when we rely on what we learned recently or are reminded of info pertaining to a certain decision or judgement

Question 15

representative heuristic

Answer 15

predictions based on a similar prototype

Question 16

error in availability heuristic

Answer 16

overestimating the likelihood of an event

Question 17

intelligence

Answer 17

ability to adapt and learn from experiences

Question 18

social intelligence

Answer 18

managing and understanding people

Question 19

emotional intelligence

Answer 19

awareness of emotions in thinking and decision making e.g. putting long term reward over st

Question 20

fluid intelligence

Answer 20

abstract reasoning

Question 21

crystallized intelligence

Answer 21

knowledge and verbal skills

Question 22

behaviorist, nativist, sapir-whorf, and interactionist theories all pertain to what component of culture

Answer 22

language

Question 23

behaviorist theory and theorist

Answer 23

language develops to operant conditioning; BF skinner

Question 24

nativist theory and theorist

Answer 24

language use is innate; Noam chomsky

Question 25

language acquisition device

Answer 25

characteristic of humans that allows them to develop a universal grammar across all cultures

Question 26

critical period according to nativist theory

Answer 26

period before period where people can learn a language just by being exposed to it

Question 27

interactionist theory and theorist

Answer 27

language is learned via interaction, cognition, and biology; lev vygotsky

Question 28

sapir-whorf hypothesis

Answer 28

that the structure and vocabulary of a language affect the culture that uses it

Question 29

categorical perception

Answer 29

how broadly or specifically a certain topic is described

Question 30

linguistic determinism

Answer 30

that a language affects how thoughts and emotions are cognitively interpreted