P/S lecture 5 Flashcards
aside from social deviation, what factor determines if a behavior is characterized as a mental disorder
the symptoms must be severe enough to cause distress or impairment to normal functioning
biopsychosocial approach
attribute mental illness to sociology, biology, and psychology
what is the most prevalent mental disorder in the US
anxiety disorders
characteristics of anxiety disorders
- excessive fear (and/or anxiety)
- avoidance behavior
- presence in absence of threat
- sympathetic activation
difference between generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder
- a person with GAD does not have panic attacks
- people w panic disorder have recurring anxiety about having more panic attacks
monoamine hypothesis
says that the basis of depression is a malfunction of serotonin, dopamine, or norepinephrine in the CNS
persistent depressive disorder (aka dysthymia)
mild depression that lasts 2+ years and is never gone for more than 2 months
under what category is premenstrual dysphoric disorder?
depressive disorders
characteristics of manic phase
high energy, racing thoughts, impulsive, high self esteem, irritable
characteristics of depressed phase
low energy, lack of focus and interest, low self esteem, suicidal thoughts
difference btw bipolar I and II
more manic in I and more depressed in II
cyclothymic disorder
bipolar oscillations that are less severe
positive symptoms of schizophrenia
symptoms completely unique to “normal” people; i.e. delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and thoughts
negative symptoms of schizophrenia
symptoms that involve deviations from normal behavior; avolition, flattened effect, detachment
cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia
symptoms that cause emotional distress and dysfunctioning; decr attention, memory, and executive functioning
dopamine hypothesis
pertaining to schizophrenia; dopamine is hyperactive and receptors are hypersensitive
delusional disorders defn and length req for diagnosis
when a person refuses to let go of clearly false beliefs despite evidence; 1 month minimum
schizophreniform disorder
“temporary” schizophrenia (i.e. lasts <6 months)
schizoaffective disorder
having a mood disorder on top of schizophrenia
mental disorder known to have strong genetic predispositions
schizophrenia
how long does acute stress disorder last
3 days to 1 month
how long does adjustment disorder last
3-6 months (depending on trauma)
types of cluster A personality disorders and general defn
mild version of schizophrenia; Schizoid, Paranoid, Schizotypal (SPS); “odd/eccentric”
types of cluster B personality disorders and general defn
dramatic version of schizo; Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic (ABHN)
types of cluster C personality disorders and general defn
anxious version of schizo; Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive compulsive (ADO)
trichotillomania
hair pulling disorder
under what category is body dysmorphic disorder
OCDs
difference btw somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorders
in somatic symptom, the symptoms may or may not be real whereas illness anxiety is primarily psychological
conversion disorder
a change in function that has no physiological origin
factitious disorder
hurts self or others due to desire to appear ill
dissociative identity disorder
alt btw 2+ personalities
difference btw dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue
in fugue, amnesia is at a specific time and the person experiences a kind of journey thru it whereas a person forgets themselves in diss amnesia
depersonalization
recurring detachment from body
derealization disorder
a feeling that ppl or objects are unreal but the person is aware of this
damage to what part of the brain leads to parkinson’s
substantia nigra of the basal ganglia of the limbic system
a lack of what neurotransmitter leads to the symptoms of parkinsons
dopamine
defn and types of dyssomnias
deviations in normal sleep; Narcolepsy, Insomnia, Apnea (NIA)
defn and types of parasomnias
abnormal behaviors added to sleep; Night terrors and Somnambulism (NS)
other term for somnambulism
sleep walking
what class of drug is a barbiturate
depressant
what part of the brain controls sleep vs consciousness
the reticular activating system in the brain stem (RAS)
types of brain waves present during consciousness
alpha and beta
types of brain waves present during non REM sleep
theta, K complexes, spindles, and then delta
types of brain waves present during REM sleep
jagged beta waves
what part of the brain functions as the master internal clock
suprachiasmatic nucleus
the suprachiasmatic nucleus is in the _________ and stimulates the ___________ to release metatonin
hypothalamus; pineal gland
activation synthesis theory
says that dreams are just random parts of the brain are activated without a certain purpose
manifest content wrt dreaming
plotlines in dreams
latent content wrt dreaming
unconscious drives and wishes
which side of the brain is extra activated when a person is hypnotized
R hemisphere
