P/S lecture 6 Flashcards
difference btw MRI and CT
CT requires radioactive substances and scans larger portions of the body
difference btw EEG and fMRI
EEG measures brain waves, fMRI measure blood flow thru brain
what does a PET scan measure
chemical activity in the brain
difference btw MRI and fMRI
MRI measures structural characteristics, fMRI measure functional
thalamus
integrates information from the body (filters and distributes)
hypothalamus
controls homeostasis and the pituitary gland
hippocampus
memory and learning; necessary for long term integration
amygdala
stimulated during arousal – fear, aggression, heightens or restricts emotions
neural plasticity
changes in connections of neurons in brain
long term potentiation
neural connections strengthen; affect learning and memory
systems consolidation
long term storage via transfer from hpc to cortex
multi store model
- sensory memory attracts attention
- short term memory is rehearsed or lost
- consolidated thru rehearsal to LT mem
- at each point info can be lost
main component of baddeley’s model of working memory
says that a central executive controls selective attention and cognitive processes
subcomponents of baddeley’s model
phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, and episodic buffer
types of encoding (SAVE)
semantic, acoustic, visual, elaborative
elaboration
intertwining info into preexisting LT mems
explicit memory
declarative, conscious recall
implicit memory
non declarative, non conscious
effect of emotions on memory
arousal increases focus on central features of an instance and decreases the amount of focus paid to peripheral
procedural memory
muscle memory, motor skills
priming
changes to behavior according to what was experienced before stimulation
state dependent memory
emotions (internal state) contribute to recall
cued recall vs recognition
cued = hint given twd answers recog = multiple choice
necessary component of long term mem
meaning (semantics); STM is primarily acoustic
stroop effect
that negative priming slows down remembering
flashbulb memory
that episodic memories are more vivid when emotions are associated with them
eidetic memory
basically our ability to have temporary photographic memory; having vivid recollection of images briefly after exposure
reproductive memory
the ability to recall events without alteration
prospective memory
remembering something you gotta do in the future
dual coding theory
VISUAL AND SEMANTICS are best remembered when in combination
reminiscence bump
how older ppl remember things from their childhood better than other mems
method of loci
using visualized spatial info to recall words
peg words
WORDS to NUMBERS to improve recall
intrusion errors
when false info infiltrates a list
reconstruction errors
that the trace of a memory is strengthened during recall but also altered
displacement
an item replaces another in a list (applies to STM)
interference
material interferes with retrieval or encoding
proactive interference
old interferes with new mems (fwd infl)
retroactive interference
new interferes w old mems (bwds infl)
working memory
short period of time where focus is strong to manipulate information
