P/S lecture 6

Question 1

difference btw MRI and CT

Answer 1

CT requires radioactive substances and scans larger portions of the body

Question 2

difference btw EEG and fMRI

Answer 2

EEG measures brain waves, fMRI measure blood flow thru brain

Question 3

what does a PET scan measure

Answer 3

chemical activity in the brain

Question 4

difference btw MRI and fMRI

Answer 4

MRI measures structural characteristics, fMRI measure functional

Question 5

thalamus

Answer 5

integrates information from the body (filters and distributes)

Question 6

hypothalamus

Answer 6

controls homeostasis and the pituitary gland

Question 7

hippocampus

Answer 7

memory and learning; necessary for long term integration

Question 8

amygdala

Answer 8

stimulated during arousal – fear, aggression, heightens or restricts emotions

Question 9

neural plasticity

Answer 9

changes in connections of neurons in brain

Question 10

long term potentiation

Answer 10

neural connections strengthen; affect learning and memory

Question 11

systems consolidation

Answer 11

long term storage via transfer from hpc to cortex

Question 12

multi store model

Answer 12

• sensory memory attracts attention
• short term memory is rehearsed or lost
• consolidated thru rehearsal to LT mem
• at each point info can be lost

Question 13

main component of baddeley’s model of working memory

Answer 13

says that a central executive controls selective attention and cognitive processes

Question 14

subcomponents of baddeley’s model

Answer 14

phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, and episodic buffer

Question 15

types of encoding (SAVE)

Answer 15

semantic, acoustic, visual, elaborative

Question 16

elaboration

Answer 16

intertwining info into preexisting LT mems

Question 17

explicit memory

Answer 17

declarative, conscious recall

Question 18

implicit memory

Answer 18

non declarative, non conscious

Question 19

effect of emotions on memory

Answer 19

arousal increases focus on central features of an instance and decreases the amount of focus paid to peripheral

Question 20

procedural memory

Answer 20

muscle memory, motor skills

Question 21

priming

Answer 21

changes to behavior according to what was experienced before stimulation

Question 22

state dependent memory

Answer 22

emotions (internal state) contribute to recall

Question 23

cued recall vs recognition

Answer 23

cued = hint given twd answers
recog = multiple choice

Question 24

necessary component of long term mem

Answer 24

meaning (semantics); STM is primarily acoustic

Question 25

stroop effect

Answer 25

that negative priming slows down remembering

Question 26

flashbulb memory

Answer 26

that episodic memories are more vivid when emotions are associated with them

Question 27

eidetic memory

Answer 27

basically our ability to have temporary photographic memory; having vivid recollection of images briefly after exposure

Question 28

reproductive memory

Answer 28

the ability to recall events without alteration

Question 29

prospective memory

Answer 29

remembering something you gotta do in the future

Question 30

dual coding theory

Answer 30

VISUAL AND SEMANTICS are best remembered when in combination

Question 31

reminiscence bump

Answer 31

how older ppl remember things from their childhood better than other mems

Question 32

method of loci

Answer 32

using visualized spatial info to recall words

Question 33

peg words

Answer 33

WORDS to NUMBERS to improve recall

Question 34

intrusion errors

Answer 34

when false info infiltrates a list

Question 35

reconstruction errors

Answer 35

that the trace of a memory is strengthened during recall but also altered

Question 36

displacement

Answer 36

an item replaces another in a list (applies to STM)

Question 37

interference

Answer 37

material interferes with retrieval or encoding

Question 38

proactive interference

Answer 38

old interferes with new mems (fwd infl)

Question 39

retroactive interference

Answer 39

new interferes w old mems (bwds infl)

Question 40

working memory

Answer 40

short period of time where focus is strong to manipulate information