P&B - Role of global governance in conflict

Question 1

conflict because of challenges to sovereignty/ territorial integrity happens when:

Answer 1

citizens treated unfairly
limited representation in government from citizens
competition over scarce resources
people want autonomy and independence
government fails to protect human rights
persecutioin
ethnic conflict
no basic human needs

Question 2

patterns of conflict - global peace index

Answer 2

23 indicators based on:
level fo safety and security
number of international and domestic conflicts
degree of militarisation

highest number = most peaceful country

Question 3

Kashmir - natural resources conflict

Answer 3

Pakistan and India fighting over Kashmir for water security.
military deaths, fighting, farmers displaced. troops in the glacier range - the source of the river Indus.

needed for irrigation and HEP. World Bank Indus water treaty. India Dam water before it gets to Kashmir.

the water source is depleting - global warming = glacier melts

Question 4

The United nations

Answer 4

founded in 1945
= achieve worldwide peace and security
develop good relations
foster cooperation

preventative diplomacy, meditation, monitoring, observation then they can deploy peace-keeping forces.

counter-terrorism, disarmament, treaty-making, humanitarian aid…… etc.

16 peacekeeping missions on the go

Question 5

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

Answer 5

Europe & North America - 28 members
safeguard freedom and security

promotes democratic values
encourages consultation on defence & security
prevents conflict

peaceful resolution of disputes
crisis management

Question 6

European Union

Answer 6

foster economic cooperation after WW2
Foreign Affairs & security policy
common security & defence policy
european neighbourhood policy

Question 7

Non-government organisations

Answer 7

Civil society organisations CSOs
work with institutions, governments, citizens in conflict zones.
health care, food, water, monitoring, violence warnings, rules of law, democracy.

e.g.
Oxfam, Red Cross

Question 8

Treaties, Laws and Norms

Answer 8

From the UN and EU

treaty: formally concluded and ratified agreement between states. If you sign a treaty you are bound to it by international law.

land mines treaty - broken chair

UNs primary goal: develop international law based on UN treaties.
human rights, refugees, disarmament

regulates conflict over the global commons (ocenans, atmosphere, space, antarctica)

Microsoft creating cyber conflict norms - 5th largest TNC`

Question 9

Role of flows of people, money, ideas and technology in geopolitical intervention.

Answer 9

people & money help global governance of conflict.
need personelle and finance - 10,000 & $1 billion per msision
sharing of intelligence and information

technology in peacekeeping - drones, satellites, information, databases, communication…..