oxygenation Flashcards
The delivery of oxygen (O2) to the body’s tissues and cells is necessary to maintain life and health.
OXYGENATION
The first step in the process of oxygenation
VENTILATION
The movement of air into and out of the lungs for the purposes of delivering fresh air into the lungs alveoli and the removal of carbon dioxide (CO2)
VENTILATION
the decreases in blood oxygen concentration
hypoxaemia
Initiated when the diaphragm contracts, pulling it downward and thus increasing the size of the intrathoracic space
INHALATION
Occurs when the respiratory muscles relax, thus reducing the size of the intrathoracic space.
EXHALATION
the second step in the process of oxygenation
ALVEOLAR GAS EXCHANGE
The exchange of oxygen from the alveolar space into the pulmonary capillary blood. It may also be called external respiration.
OXYGEN UPTAKE
The third step in the process of oxygenation
OXYGEN TRANSPORT AND DELIVERY
Once the oxygen has reached the blood it is transported throughout the body and delivered to each cell
OXYGEN TRANSPORT AND DELIVERY
What are the three factors that influence the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen
- the amount of dissolved oxygen in the plasma
- the amount of hemoglobin
- the tendency of hemoglobin to bind when oxygen
It is the oxygen dissolved in plasma
PARTIAL PRESSURE OF OXYGEN (PaO2)
What is the normal partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
80-100mmHg
The amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin. That is 100% being fully saturated.
PERCENTAGE OF HEMOGLOBIN THAT IS SATURATED WITH OXYGEN (SaO2)
What is the normal saturation of arterial blood in percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated when oxygen
96-98%
Paradoxical shift in hemoglobins affinity for oxygen. It is a graphic representation of relationship between the PaO2 and oxygen saturation
OXYHEMOGLOBIN DISSOCIATION CURVE
Once the oxygen is bound to hemoglobin the oxygen is delivered to the cell of the body by _____
Circulation
Is a muscular pump that is divided into four chambers
HEART
What are the four chambers of the heart
- right and left atria
- right and left ventricle
A single cycle of atrial and ventricular contraction and relaxation. It is produced by the interplay of electrical and mechanical events.
CARDIAC CYCLE
The electrical activity of the heart involves the generation and transmission of electrical current by specialized cardiac cells
CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM
Controls the heart rate by rhythmically generating electrical impulses
SINOATRIAL (SA) NODE
The Sinoatrial node is referred to as
HEART PACEMAKER
The process of chamber filling
DIASTOLE
The process of chamber emptying
SYSTOLE
Rings of smooth muscles surrounding the arterioles
PRECAPILLARY SPHINCTERS
The precapillary sphincters allows the process known as ______
AUTO REGULATION
Redistribution of blood flow to the areas of greatest need
AUTO REGULATION
The fourth step in the oxygenation process
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
The gas exchange at the cellular level, like that at the alveolar level, takes place we have diffusion in response to concentration gradient.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
The blood is carried back to the lungs and reoxygenated
INTERNAL RESPIRATION
What are the factors affecting oxygenation
- AGE
- ENVIRONMENTAL AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS
