Oxygen Delivery

Question 1

Nasal cannula flow rate & concentration

Answer 1

1 - 6 L/min (above 6 L isn’t doing anything because of dead space, just drying out mucosa)
24% - 44%

Question 2

Simple facemask flow rate and concentration

Answer 2

Minimum of 5 L/min

40% - 60%

Question 3

Partial rebreather flow rate and concentration

Answer 3

6 - 11 L/min (adjust to keep reservoir bag inflated)

60% - 70%

Question 4

Non-rebreather flow rate and concentration

Answer 4

same as partial rebreather but has valves so they get higher concentration of O2

Can deliver FIO2 greater than 90%

Used for unstable patients requiring intubation

Question 5

Benefits of a Venturi mask

Answer 5

The most precise oxygen delivery system

Good for COPD patients, don’t go over 60%

Question 6

Purpose of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) - CPAP and BiPAP

Answer 6

used to open alveoli and improve gas exchange without intubation

Question 7

Difference between BiPAP and CPAP

Answer 7

BIPAP - positive pressure during inhalation

CPAP - continuous positive pressure during inhalation and exhalation

Question 8

Complications of CPAP/BiPAP

Answer 8

pneumothorax, uncomfortable, decreased CO, fatigue

Question 9

Important to keep at the bedside for trach patients

Answer 9

extra obturator and trach

Question 10

How do you wean a trach tube?

Answer 10

gradually decrease tube size & deflate cuff when they can manage secretions

Also change from a cuffed to an uncuffed tube

Question 11

Occurs when a trach tube isn’t inserted properly

Pushes against the mucosa and causes air to go in

Rice crispies

Answer 11

Subcutaneous emphysema

Question 12

Why do trach patients have an increased risk for infection?

Answer 12

Trach tube decreases dead space

Filtration/moisturizing from the nose and mouth are taken away

Question 13

What causes tracheomalacia?

Answer 13

Pressure from trach cuff causes tracheal dilation and erosion of cartilage

Tx: use an uncuffed tube/monitor cuff pressure