Oxygen Flashcards
How does CFTR gene alteration lead cause symptoms of CF
Must maintain a balance of water and, Na+, Cl+ so mucus is thin enough to move out of the lungs and removed bacteria and virus trapped in it
Chloride channel cannot open - not enough Cl- are removed - mucus becomes too thick, cannot be clear, bacteria and virus grows.
Purpose of low flow nasal cannula and how much O2 they deliver
Low flow nasal cannula/prongs 1L - 4L from 24%-36% O2
examples of inhaled corticosteroids
Becotide, Clenil, QVAR
examples of oral corticosteroids
. prednisolone, hydrocortisone
Purpose of low flow mask and how much O2 they deliver
deliver more oxygen than nasal cannula 6-8L/min 40-50%O2
Purpose of high flow mask and how much O2 they deliver
up to 15L/min OR 60% O2 high oxygen demand, Venturi valves for more accuracy
Purpose of reservoir mask and how much O2 they deliver
purpose of bag attached to reservoir mask. Contains 1L reservoir helps to increase the inspired oxygen concentration by preventing oxygen loss during inspiration. Because of the valve (non rebreathing) it prevents CO2 from building up so 55-90% O2 is delivered at 6-15L/min. if no valve is present (Partial rebreathing) 35-60% 6-15L/min.
function of mMRAC scale for reviewing COPD
shows how easy they get breathless throughout the day. e.g. I only get breathless w/ strenuous exercise = grade 0
function of CAT scale for reviewing COPD
how often they cough, do they have mucus, chest tightness etc
Describe haldane effect
oxygenated blood - haemoglobin has a high affinity to pick up O2
deoxygenated blood - haemoglobin has affinity to pick up CO2
describe hypoxic theory
normal - high levels of CO2 drive inspirationÂ
hypercapnic patients - chronic elevated levels of CO2 (chemoreceptors desensitised) therefore decreased O2 drives respiration
