LAST MINUTE Flashcards
pharmacological management of CF Bronchiectasis
Bronchodilators
Oxygen therapy
mucolytics
Antibiotics
Corticosteroids
pharmacological management of CF
-Bronchodilators
-Hydrator therapy
-Mucolytics
-CFTR modulators (caftors)
-Nutritional support
pharmacological management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
-Corticosteroids
-Immunosuppressive agents
-Anti-fibrotic agents
-Oxygen therapy
pharmacological management of COPD
Bronchodilators
anti inflammatory - corticosteroids
mucolytics
oxygen therapy
describe mechanism of action of long acting beta 2 agonist
stimulate beta 2 adrenoreceptors, antagonise mechanise of bronchoconstriction
describe mechanism of action of anticholinergics
bind to muscarinic receptors and blocking acetycholine from reducing smooth muscle tone
describe components of ABCD tool
Spirometry less than 70
GOLD stage for severity - airflow limitations
mMRC and CAT score - assess symptoms
no. hospital admission - exacerbations
what outcome measure is used to assess perceived exertion
borg breathlessness
symptoms of respiratory acidosis
hypoventilation - hypoxia
rapid, shallow respiration
decreased BP
muscle weakness, hyperreflexia
symptoms of respiratory alkalosis
deep, rapid breathing
hyperventilation
tachycardia
low or normal BP
symptoms of metabolic alkalosis
restlessness
lethargy
confusion
tachycardia
nausea, vomiting
symptoms of metabolic acidosis
headache
low BP
hyperkaelmia
muscle twitching
reduced muscle tone and reduced reflexes
features of lung collapse in chest x ray
shifting of trachea/airway Increased opacity, loss of silhouette, no air bronchogram
features of pneumothorax in chest x ray
shifting of trachea/airway, area of increased opacity signifying displaced visceral pleura, darker air indicating abnormal collection of air in pleural space
features of pleural effusion in chest x ray
blunting of costrophrenic angle
features of pleural effusion in chest x ray
Accumulation of solid or liquid material (infiltrates) in the air spaces and lung parenchyma, loss of silhouette, increased opacity
event that occurs in P wave of ECG
atrial depolarisation
event that occurs in QRS complex of ECG
ventricle depolarisation
event that occurs in ST segment of ECG
plateau in transmembrane AP of ventricles
event that occurs in T wave of ECG
ventricular repolarisation
