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Chemistry > Oxidation of alcohols and reduction of carbonyls > Flashcards

Oxidation of alcohols and reduction of carbonyls Flashcards

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1
Q

How many carbons bonded to the carbon which a primary alcohol is bonded to?

A

1

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2
Q

How many carbons bonded to the carbon which a secondary alcohol is bonded to?

A

2

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3
Q

How many carbons bonded to the carbon which a tertiary alcohol is bonded to?

A

3

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4
Q

Why does it matter if an alcohol is primary secondary or tertiary?

A

Because you can predict the products in reactions

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5
Q

Three different reactions alcohols undergo

A

Combustion, elimination and oxidation

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6
Q

What do primary alcohols oxidise to form?

A

Aldehydes then carboxylic acids

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7
Q

What do secondary alcohols oxidise to form?

A

Ketones

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8
Q

What do tertiary alcohols oxidise to form?

A

Nothing. They don’t oxidise

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9
Q

What is the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone?

A

An aldehyde is at the end of the chain and a ketone is within the chain

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10
Q

What chemical do you react a primary alcohol with to make an aldehyde?

A

Potassium dichromate (VI)

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11
Q

Do you use distillation or a reflux reaction when oxidising a primary alcohol all the way to a carboxylic acid?

A

Reflux

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12
Q

colour change when potassium dichromate reduces a primary or secondary alcohol

A

Green to orange

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13
Q

What reducing agent is used in a non-aqueous solvent?

A

Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate

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14
Q

Chemical formula for Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate

A

LiAlH4

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15
Q

What reducing agent is used in an alcohol or water solution?

A

sodium tetrahydridoborate

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16
Q

Chemical formula for sodium tetrahydridoborate

A

NaBH4

17
Q

Summary equation for reduction of an aldehyde to a primary alcohol

A

RCHO + 2[H] -> RCH2(OH)

18
Q

Summary equation for reduction of ketone to a secondary alcohol

A

RCOR’ + 2[H] -> RCH(OH)R’

19
Q

Summary equation for reduction of a carboxylic acid all the way to a primary alcohol

A

RCOOH + 4[H] -> RCH2OH + H2O

20
Q

Does oxidation or reaction make more water molecules?

A

Reduction

Chemistry (24 decks)

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