Isomerism

Question 1

three types of structural isomerism

Answer 1

chain positional and functional group

Question 2

define functional group isomerism

Answer 2

molecules are inn a different homologous series

Question 3

define chain isomerism

Answer 3

alkyl groups move

Question 4

define positional isomerism

Answer 4

functional group moves

Question 5

define stereoisomerism

Answer 5

compounds have the same molecular and structural formula but a different arrangement in space

Question 6

two types of stereoisomer

Answer 6

geometric and optical

Question 7

what causes a geometric stereoisomer?

Answer 7

restricted rotation around a C=C bond

Question 8

is E isomer the same or the opposite side?

Answer 8

the opposite side

Question 9

does E or Z have a higher melting point and why?

Answer 9

E because they stack together better

Question 10

why do optical isomers occur?

Answer 10

an asymmetric (chiral) carbon

Question 11

how many different groups does a chiral carbon have?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

define enantomer

Answer 12

non-superimposable mirror images

Question 13

Do enantomers have different physical and chemical properties?

Answer 13

no although they react differently with other asymmetric molecules like proteins and enzymes

Question 14

why do enantomers react differently with plane polarised light?

Answer 14

they are optically active

Question 15

name for a solution of optically inactive equal amounts of both enantomers

Answer 15

racemate

Question 16

why are you likely to make a racemic mixture when doing an addition reaction?

Answer 16

because C=C bonds are planar so there is equal chance of attacking the top and bottom of the plane

Question 17

two ways to seperate enantomers

Answer 17

reaction with a chiral reactant, creating products with slightly different chemical properties,
chromatography