OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS

Question 1

Functional group of alcohols

Answer 1

OH hydroxyl

Question 2

alcohols end in

Answer 2

-ol

Question 3

bonding in alcohols

Answer 3

H bonding due to OH which is delta neg O and delta pos H

So, strong intermolecular forces and polar which means high solubility in water, high bp, high viscosity and low volatility

Question 4

Primary alcohol

Answer 4

C attached to another C

OH at end

Question 5

Secondary alcohol

Answer 5

C attached to 2 other C

OH in middle

Question 6

Tertiary alcohol

Answer 6

C attached to 3 other C no H

Question 7

What kind of alcohol is methanol

Answer 7

Primary

Question 8

what solution used to show if oxidised

Answer 8

acidified dichromate solution

ORANGE TO BLUE GREEN if oxidised

Question 9

Primary oxidised

Answer 9

aldehyde then carboxylic acid

Question 10

secondary is oxidised

Answer 10

ketone

Question 11

tertiary is oxidised

Answer 11

cannot happen - no colour change

Question 12

aldehyde vs ketone

Answer 12

C=O carbonyl group in both

end with - H in aldehyde

middle = O in ketone

Question 13

aldehyde ends in

Answer 13

al

Question 14

ketone ends in

Answer 14

one

Question 15

physical properties aldehyde and ketones

Answer 15

lost h bond so bp decreases and volatility increases

isomers but diff chemical properties

Question 16

test with oxidising agent

Answer 16

benedicts/fehlings - blue to brick red

tollens reagent - colourless to silver mirror precipitate

acidified dichromate - orange to blue green

Question 17

carboxylic acid oxidised equation

Answer 17

H from OH bond breaks and forms H+ ion

Question 18

acid and metal hydroxide

Answer 18

salt and water

Question 19

acid and metal oxide

Answer 19

salt and water

Question 20

acid and metal carbonate

Answer 20

salt and water and CO2

Question 21

oxidation ratio alc - aldehyde - carbo acid

Answer 21

1:6 to lose 2H 1:4 to Gain O 1:2

Question 22

Reduction reaction

Answer 22

opposite

use lithium aluminum hydroxide LiAlH4