Overview of Aging Flashcards
Geriatrics
The branch of medicine concerned with the medical problems and care of the aged
Geras
Old age
Iatrikos
Healing
Gerontology
The scientific study of the biological, psychological and social aspects of aging
Current percent of pop above 65 years
14.5%
Projected 2050 percent of pop above 65 years
21%
Functional classification of age groups - Young Adult
20-39
1st half of working life
90-100% function
Functional classification of age groups - Middle Age
40-64
2nd half of working life
10-30% dec function
Functional classification of age groups - Old Age
65-74
Immediate post retirement period
Significant loss of function but maintain homeostasis
Functional classification of age groups - Very Old Age
75-84
Likely impairment of function for ADLs
General potential for relative independence
Functional classification of age groups - Oldest Old Age
85+
High incidence of need for help with ADLs
High risk for nursing or institutional care assistance
Key demographics - Population over 65 current is 1 in __ 2030?
Current = 1 in 8 2030 = 1 in 5
Key demographics - marital status
Women outlive men at all ages
75% of men live with spouse
40% women
Key demographics - poverty
9% of elderly in poverty
8% live within 125% poverty level
1 in 5 are at or near poverty
Women = 2X rate of men
Health Care - what percent of non institutionalized individuals over 65 years rate health as good to excellent
40%
Health Care - how many have chronic condition
More than 1/2
Health Care - what percentage over 65 have some kind of disability
37%
Health Care - Visits to physician per year
- 8 over 65
3. 8 under 65
in 2014 how many over 65 required long term care
9 million
Annual cost of private room in SNF is
73,000
Ageist attitudes of healthcare professionals
Neg attitudes toward older adults
Need to justify why medical needs were not addressed
Feelings of frustration about demands
Feelings of helplessness from lack of cure
Inc awareness of ones own mortality
Social roles
Retirement - daily recognition to limited recognition
Caregiver
Grandparents raising grandchildren
All with fixed income
Those with adequate social connections have what percentage greater likelihood of longevity
50%
Cultural perspectives - Vietnamese
elder is authority
Cultural perspectives - Athabascan Indian Culture in Alaksa
Elder is burden
Cultural perspectives - US
Individualism
Cultural perspectives - Hispanic
Close family relationship
Social Relationships
Desire and engage in social relationships
Computers and social media
Aging couple - by 85 yo ___ women for every ___ men
100 women for every 54 men
Aging parent
Continue to provide emotional, physical and financial support
Finger pointing may occur
Adults(children) in sandwich role
Grandparents welcome interaction
Advocacy groups
AARP
Gray Panthers - fighting ageism
Senior Service America
Health promotion and disease prevention
Healthy people 2020
Healthy people 2020 goals
Attain high equality, longer lives free of dx
Achieve health equity
Create social environment that promote good health
Promote quality of life
Exercise
Use it or lose it
Maintain fitness, stimulate mind, establish social contact…
Exercise should emphasize strength, flexibility, and endurance
Stress Management
Exercise Diet Mm relaxation Mediation Deep breathing Visualization desensitization Biofeedback
Substance Abuse
Alcohol, recreational drugs and medication absorbed at higher levels - lean body mass, polypharmacy
Economics
Changes in financial status or financial aid security
Life span
Length of life (birth to death)
Longevity
Number of years of life
Mean longevity USA
Life expectancy
76 yrs
ideal is 85 yrs
95% die between 77-93
Max longevity
Max life span
110-120 yrs
Intrinsic Factors
Primary determinants of possible life span + life expectancy
Genetic code
Heredity
Extrinsic Factors
Factors that modify the genetically endowed life span
Non-genetic factors
Environmental influences
Social, psychological, environmental factors
Causes of death
Trauma or Accidents
Disease
Eugeric Death
Trauma or Accidents - Cause of Death
Major cause in young
Numbers influenced by values of society
Disease - Cause of Death
Older body less tolerant
Numbers influenced by knowledge and technology
Pathogeria = disease of the old
Eugeric Death - Cause of Death
Death due to no specific pathology
Not caused by trauma, accident, or disease
Inability to maintain homeostasis
Chronic Dx leading to death
23% of deaths from chronic disease are from sedentary lifestyles
OA, CAD, COPD, Stroke, PVD, Depression, Parkinsons, RA
Universal Manifestations of Aging - Anatomical Changes
Thinning and graying of hair Deterioration of teeth Body weight loss and redistribution Loss of nerve cells Loss of mm mass Inc cellular inclusion of aging pigments
Universal Manifestations of Aging - Physiological Changes
Decline in motor activity
Reproductive senescence
Impaired homeostasis
