Overview and Neuroanatomy review Flashcards
What is a motor speech disorder?
speech disorder due to issue with one or more parts of the brain that impacts the planning, programming, execution, and control of speech.
What is the function of the superior temporal gyrus?
processes sounds; has the primary auditory cortex
What is the function of the inferior frontal gyrus?
processes language and speech; also has Broca’s area
What is the function of the supramarginal gyrus?
phonological processing (of spoken and written language) and emotional responses
What is the function of the primary motor cortex (M1)?
sends signals via UMNs to other places in the body regarding movement
What are the three types of white fiber tracts?
commissural, association, and projection fibers
What is the function of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1)?
processing sensory information from the body and combines sensory and motor signals necessary for the production of skilled movement.
What is the UMN pathway?
UMNs originate in the primary motor cortex; its axons travel from M1 down through the internal capsule’s posterior limb; then it passes through the cerebral peduncles of the brainstem and longitudinal pontine fibers, then it passes through the pyramids of the medulla where the fibers crossover
What is the role of acetylcholine in muscle movements?
It causes muscles to contract. It sends a message to motor neurons for them to fire and cause voluntary muscle movement. It is release due to an influx of calcium into the cell.
What is the LMN pathway?
LMNs receive a message from the UMN axons at the pons. Its axons then send that message through the medulla and to the muscle to produce the desired movement
