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DMST 315 OBGYN 3 > Ovarian Pathology > Flashcards

Ovarian Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What are cystic ovarian mass types? 3

A
  1. Simple
  2. Bilateral and multiple
  3. Ovarian torsion
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2
Q

What are different types of simple cystic ovarian mass? 5

A
  1. Follicular
  2. Corpus luteum
  3. Para ovarian
  4. Omental
  5. Urachal
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3
Q

What are two types of bilateral and multiple cystic ovarian masses?

A
  1. Theca lutean
  2. Polycystic ovaries
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4
Q

What stimulates the ovaries to mature then locate?

A

LH and FSH

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5
Q

Follicles grows from ______ to ________ in about 10 days

A

3 to 24mm

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6
Q

Are follicular cysts normal?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Follicular cysts evolves in to what?

A

Corpus luteum after rupture

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8
Q

When do we see corpus leteum cysts?

A

Term after ovulation

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9
Q

What is the shape of corpus luteum cysts?

A

Odd appearing shape

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10
Q

What is the size of corpus luteum cyst?

A

1 - 10 cm

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11
Q

There is often debris in corpus luteum cysts due to what?

A

Hemorrhage

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12
Q

If the corpus luteum cysts are large it resolves when? 2 (in terms of pregnancy and without)

A
  1. About 8 weeks with out pregnancy
  2. 12 to 15 weeks with pregnancy
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13
Q

What are persistent cysts?

A

Follicular or corpus luteum

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14
Q

Persistent cysts may grow how much before rupturing?

A

Quite large

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15
Q

Do persistent cysts hurt?

A

May cause pain

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16
Q

Paraovarian cysts are remnants of what?

A

Remnants of the embryonic ducts

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17
Q

What are paraovarian cysts also called? 2

A
  1. Cysts of Morgagni
  2. Paratubal surosal cysts arising from Müllerian ducts remnants
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18
Q

How thick are the paraovarian cysts walls?

A

Thin

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19
Q

How big are paraovarian cysts? (In CM)

A

Usually 1-4 cm, and do not change in size with cycle

20
Q

Are paraovarian cysts symptomatic or asymptomatic?

A

Asymptomatic

21
Q

Paraovarian cysts are never surrounded by what?

A

Ovarian tissue

22
Q

Where are urachal cysts located ?

A

Midline in the anterior abdominal wall between umbilicus and bladder

23
Q

Urachal cysts are a remnant of what?

A

A remnant in development of the bladder

24
Q

Where are omental cysts located? 2

A
  1. Higher in the pelvis or abdomen
  2. Along the omentum
25
Q

Theca lutean cysts occur in which amounts? 2

A
  1. Multiple
  2. bilateral cysts
26
Q

How big are Theca lutean cysts?

A

Several CM in size

27
Q

What is Theca lutean cysts caused by?

A

Excessive amounts of hCG

28
Q

What conditions is Theca Lutean cysts associated with? 4

A
  1. Multiple gestation
  2. Molar pregnancy
  3. Choriocarcinoma
  4. Hyper stimulation syndrome
29
Q

Theca lutean cysts might under go what? 3

A
  1. Hemorrhage
  2. Rupture
  3. Torsion
30
Q

What happens with hyper stimulation? 2

A
  1. Theca lutean cysts with ascites
  2. Pergonal over stimulation from an IVF cycle
31
Q

What is Polycystic ovarian syndrome often referred to as?

A
  1. Stein Leventhal syndrome
32
Q

Which demographic of women are affected by PCOS?

A

20 - 30 years of age

33
Q

What is Polycystic ovarian syndrome caused by?3

A
  1. Unopposed estrogen with no surge of LH
  2. Increased androgen secretion from ovarian stroma
  3. Many immature follicles that never mature or rupture
34
Q

Does ovulation occur with PCOS?

A

No

35
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of PCOS? 5

A
  1. Obesity
  2. HIrsutism
  3. Amenorrhea or Oligomenorrhea
  4. An ovulation
  5. Infertility
36
Q

Polycystic ovaries can be associated with what?

A

Endometrial carcinoma

37
Q

The most extreme form of PCOS is called what?

A

Hyperthecosis or thecosis

38
Q

How do we find the diagnosis for Polycystic ovaries?

A

Blood work (increased testosterone)

39
Q

What are often ordered to investigate for PCOS but is not the definitive for diagnosis?

A

Pelvic ultrasounds

40
Q

What does PCOS look like sonographically? 3

A
  1. Slightly enlarged ovaries with multiple small cysts around the periphery
  2. String of pearls
  3. Ovarian volumes of greater than 10cm
41
Q

How does ovarian torsion feel?

A

Acute sharp pain

42
Q

How common is ovarian torsion?

A

Rare to occur in normal ovaries

43
Q

Ovarian torsion is usually associated with what/

A

Ovarian masses

44
Q

What is incomplete ovarian torsion?

A

Large, edmatous ovaries with multiple peripheral cysts (due to lymphatic and venous congestion)

45
Q

How does complete ovarian torsion look like, and what is it due to?

A

Increased or decreased echotexture due to infarct or hemorrhage

46
Q

How do we evaluate ovarian torsion?

A

Colour and spectral doppler

47
Q

Early DX of ovarian might do what for ovarian torsion?

A

Salvage the ovary

DMST 315 OBGYN 3 (21 decks)

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