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DMST 315 OBGYN 3 > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

1
Q

What does oral contraceptives contain?

A

Progesterone and estrogen

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2
Q

What does oral contraception do?

A

Makes ovulation not occur

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3
Q

What happens with oral contraceptives? 2

A
  1. Cervical mucus thickens so sperm cannot pass through the CX
  2. Changes occur in the uterine lining as well
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4
Q

What does the minipill contain?

A

Progesterone only

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5
Q

What might happen with the mini pill? What does the minipill do?

A
  1. Ovulation may occur
  2. Mini pill causes the cervical mucus to thickens thus not allowing sperm to pass through the cervix
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6
Q

What does this look like?

A

Endometrium with BCP

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7
Q

What does the birth control patch contain?

A

Estrogen and progestin

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8
Q

How does the birth control patch work?

A

Hormones are absorbed through the skin

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9
Q

What does the birth control pill do? 4

A
  1. Ovulation is prevented
  2. Cervical mucus thickens
  3. Sperm cannot pass through CX
  4. Changes endometrium lining
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10
Q

What is some injections that can be taken for birth control?

A

Depo provera

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11
Q

What does depo provera contain?

A

Progestin

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12
Q

How long does each shot of depo provera last?

A

12 weeks or 3 months

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13
Q

What does depo provera do? 2

A
  1. Prevents ovulation
  2. Thickened cervical mucus
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14
Q

Who can use depo provera? 3

A

Women who
1. Smoke
2. Over 35
3. Are breastfeeding

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15
Q

What may depo provera do?

A

May improve symptoms of endometriosis

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16
Q

What is the Nuva ring?

A

Contraceptive ring that is placed in the vagina, that needs to be replaced every month.

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17
Q

How does the nuva ring work?

A

Hormones are absorbed into the body

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18
Q

What is secreted by Nuva?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

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19
Q

What does the Nuva do to a womens body?

A
  1. Ovulation does not occur
  2. Thickens cervical mucus
  3. Uterine lining is also altered
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20
Q

Can the Nuva ring be seen on ultrasound?

A

Yes

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21
Q

When can the emergency contraceptive pill be used?

A

Up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse

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22
Q

When is plan B used?

A
  1. One pill right away, second pill 12 hours later.
  2. Or both pills at the same time
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23
Q

What does emergency contraceptive pills contain?

A

High dosages of estrogen and progestin

24
Q

What does emergency contraceptive pills do to a women’s body?

A
  1. Uterine lining is changed so implantation will not occur
  2. Vaginal mucus will change as well
25
Q

What Are IUCDs usually made of?

A

Copper of plastic

26
Q

What does IUCDs do?

A

Prevents implantation

27
Q

What are two commonly used IUCDs?

A
  1. Mirena
  2. Copper T IUD
28
Q

What does the mirena look like?

A

Small soft T shaped

29
Q

What does the Mirena secrete?

A

Progestin

30
Q

How is a Mirena inserted?

A

Into the uterus by a physician

31
Q

How long can a mirena be left in for?

A

Up to 5 years

32
Q

How effective is Mirena?

A

99.9% effective

33
Q

What does Mirena do to the female body?

A
  1. Thickens cervical mucus
  2. May prevent ovulation
34
Q

What is the copper T made of?

A

Small soft T shaped plastic coated with a copper wire

35
Q

How long can the copper T be left in for?

A

5 years

36
Q

How effective is the Copper T?

A

99.2-99.4%

37
Q

What does the copper T do to prevent pregnancy? 2

A
  1. Changes endometrium so implantation does not occur
  2. Vaginal mucus is thickened
38
Q

What can ultrasound do for IUCDs?

A

Check position/ presence via intrauterine

39
Q

What is the sonographic appearance of IUCDs? 3

A
  1. Hyperechoic echoes in endometrium
  2. Comet tail artifact
  3. Posterior shadowing
40
Q

A mirena can be difficult to visualize when?

A

The bladder is full with the transabdominal approach. We can try post void method.

41
Q

Why does the post void method work for visualizing the mirena?

A

The uterus regains an anteversion position thus placing the uterus in a coronal plane when scanning in the transverse plane

42
Q

What are some complications with IUCDs? 5

A
  1. Expulsion into the abdominal cavity
  2. Improper location
  3. PID (infertility)
  4. Ectopic pregnancy
  5. Pregnancy with an IUCD resulting in complications
43
Q

What is the chinese ring?

A

Stainless steel IUCD widely used in China for the last 20 years

44
Q

What does the Chinese ring look like? 2

A
  1. About an inch in diameter, very springy and flexible
  2. Does not have a thread attach to it because it was not meant to be removed easily.
45
Q

What was the Chinese ring used for?

A

One child family concept

46
Q

What does this image demonstrate?

A

The Chinese ring

47
Q

With a pregnancy with IUCD what are some complications? 3

A
  1. 40% spontaneously abort, due to rupture of membranes or infection
  2. 1/20 pregnancies are ectopic
  3. Increased risk of preterm delivery with attempted risk of IUCD
48
Q

When might we see IUCD during gestation?

A

<12 weeks

49
Q

What are some examples of barrier contraceptions? 5

A
  1. Female condoms
  2. Male condoms
  3. Sponge with spermicide
  4. Cervical caps
  5. Diaphragms
50
Q

What is a female surgical method for contraception?

A

Tubal ligation

51
Q

How long does tubal ligation last?

A

Permanent

52
Q

What does tubal ligation include? 3

A
  1. Ligating
  2. Cauterizing
  3. Stapes
53
Q

In some cases what is inserted into the fallopian tubes in terms of tubal ligation?

A

Coils

54
Q

What is a vasectomy? 3

A
  1. Permanent male sterilization
  2. Ligation of the vas deferens
  3. Ejaculation without sperm
55
Q
A

DMST 315 OBGYN 3 (21 decks)

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