ovarian Flashcards
different type sof cells in ovary
epithelial, germ cells + sex cord - which
may give rise to benign or malignant tumors
what is most likley to be the sign of ovarian tumour
chronic pelvic pain or ntoicing a mass , or even dysparenia and a feeling of pressure in the pelvis
examples of non functional cytss
endometriosis, dermoid cysts, cystadenomas, +
malignant cysts
functional cyst features
rarely grows >10 cm
us- unilocular
which types of cysts are common in perimenopausal wormn
epithelial cysts
examples of epithelias cysts
cystadenomas, brenner tumor, seroud, papillary
sex cord tumours are usually seen in
elderly women
seorus vs mucinous cystandenomas
serous - more likely to be bilateral
what is thecoma
Estrogen secreting tumors – post menopausal bleeding
examples of sex cords
fibroma and thecoma , granulosos , sertoli leydig (which the last 2 are more commonly seen in testicular cancers)
examples of germ cells
dysgerminoma, yolk sac,choriocarcinoma , tertatoma
which tumours are of premenoupasual women
GERM CELL vs epithela (post menopausal)
which type of cancer is more assoiated with PCOS
endometerial cancer
prtective factors to ovarian cancer
being ont he oral contraceptives
prophylactic oophorectomy - (but there is still a chance you can devleop it)
RF ovarian caner
neevr having kids before
family histoty
pcos?
BRAC 1 BRAC 2
GERM CELL TUMOUR FEATURES
Originate from the germ cells in the embryonic gonad.
These tumours typically grow rapidly and spread predominantly via the lymphatic route.
Germ cell tumours most commonly arise in young women, which is atypical for most cases of ovarian cancer.
Tumour markers include alpha-fetoprotein and sometimes beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (B-HCG).
Sex cord stromal tumours features
Originate from connective tissue.
They are rare, making up less than 5% of all ovarian tumours. They are malignant tumours, but are much less aggressive than epithelial tumours.
Additionally, ovarian cancer can be secondary to another cancer elsewhere, which has metastasised to the ovary. A Krukenberg tumour refers to a “signet ring” sub-type of tumour, typically gastrointestinal in origin, which has metastasised to the ovary.
THE GREAT
the greater the number of ovulations - early menarche and latemenopuase
family history
null parity
2 main markers used
CA- 124
HE4
bad signs on US
size >5 cm irregular mutichamberes bilateral ascites
meigns syndrome
the triad of benign ovarian tumor with ascites and pleural effusion that resolves after resection of the tumor. Ovarian fibromas constitute the majority of the benign tumors seen in Meigs syndrome
theca luteal cyst
bilateral cysts usallya nd as as a result of excess B-hcg levels
