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inflammatory diseases of female vaginal tract Flashcards

1
Q

ph of vagina

A

3.8-4.5 - acidity decreases

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2
Q

most common causes of vulvovaginitis

A
  1. bacterial vaginosis - most commn
  2. candidiasis
  3. trichomonias
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3
Q

what commensal bacteria do we have in vagina

A

lactobacilli and corynebacterium which help. keep the ph acidic and stop overgrowth of other bacteria

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4
Q

diagnosis for BV

A

AMSEL CRITERIA need 3/4

  1. increased white non inflammatory discharge (not as much as candida)
  2. clue cells on microscope
  3. no leukocytes on micrscopy
  4. ph >4.5
  5. whiff test: fishy discharge after adding 10% KOH
  6. pruritus and pain are uncommon
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5
Q

tx bv

A

metronidazole and oral probiotics

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6
Q

complications of bV

A

miscarriage, preterm labour , PID , vaginal cuff cellulitis

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7
Q

risk factor for candiadisas

A

pregnancy
oral contraceptives - changing your hormone balance
freuquent STDS
syatemic antibiotic treatment
increased PH
TIGHT FITTING UNDERWEAR - increases moisutre, temp, humidity
anything that decreases your glycogen store- DM, pregnancy,

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8
Q

symptoms of candidiasis AND DIAGNOSIS

A

leucorrhoea- whitish clear milky discharge
severe pruritis NB
dysuria
dyspareunia
sometime unsual odour
vulval vaginal erythema
white crumbly stick discharge (cottage cheese_ typically odourless - NB

budding yeats, hyphae and pseudophyphae on microscopy

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9
Q

tx candida

A

candida like sazoles like clotrimazole or nyatsin but azole are CI in pregnancy . males per os is enough no need for topical

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10
Q

diagnosis of trichomoniasis

A

strawberry cervix - pathognomic but only seen in 20% of people

microscopy but can be negative so culture
ph of vagina will be more than 4.5

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11
Q

trichomoniasis

A

discharge varies - frothy, yellow greenish or purrelent

producing more discharge than normal, which may also have an unpleasant fishy smell.
soreness, swelling and itching around the vagina – sometimes the inner thighs also become itchy.

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12
Q

tx trichomanios

A

metronadizole for partner too

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13
Q

gential herpes

A

involves the cervix 80%
begin as fluid filled vesicles that become ulcers (ulcers make it difficult to urinate)
After the initial infection, the virus lies dormant in your body and can reactivate several times a year.

There’s no cure for genital herpes, but medications can ease symptoms and reduce the risk of infecting others. Condoms also can help prevent the spread of a genital herpes infection.

During an initial outbreak, you may have flu-like signs and symptoms such as swollen lymph nodes in your groin, headache, muscle aches and fever.

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14
Q

diagnosis of atrophic vaginaitis

A

pap smear

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15
Q

key words to describe

A

epithelium is thin inflammed and ulcerated

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16
Q

tx atrophic vaginitis

A

topical estrogen creams or vaginal tablets OR HRT but not recommended if its just for atrophic vaginitis and also has a lot of CI

17
Q

VAGINAL FOREIGN BODY

A

Any foreign body left in the vagina >48hrs  severe localised infection due to E.coli
anaerobes or vaginal flora overgrowth
 Clinical picture: foul smelling discharge with/without blood
 Treatment: removal of foreign body

18
Q

tx chlamydia

A

doxycline for 7 days 2x 100mg or azithrmycin

19
Q

diagnosis of chlamydia

A

CERVICAL SWABS! vaginal secretions may not be enough

20
Q

PID SYMPTOMS

A 
pelvic pain lower abdominal pain 
discharge 
dyspearunia 
bleeding in betwene periods 
fever
21
Q

How does one get gonorrhoea

A

Any contact with genital fluids

Oral sex
Penetrative sex
Gays/lesbeams
Sex toys which haven’t been washed
If the infected fluid gets in your eyes ~ conjunctivitis
Childbirth

22
Q

Which parts of the body can gonorrhea affects

A

Throat pharyngitis
Rectum
Cervix
Urethra
Eyes

23
Q

Symptoms of gonorrhea

A
  1. Discharge
  2. Dysuria
    Bleeding between periods

Men can be asymptomatic
Women as well sometimes can be asymptomatic

24
Q

How to diagnose gonnorreha

A

Men can just use a urine sample

Women - swabs

25
Q

Complications of gonorrhea

A

PID
Giving brith to baby with it and permanent blindness

Men - spread to epididymis and prostate (some cases reduced fertility)

26
Q

Tx gonorrhea what’s important about treatment

A

IM injection ceftriaxone first line

Asithromycin

Need to recheck you after to make sure infection has gone cannot have sex until cleared z

27
Q

Gonorrhea rectum and gonorrhea throat

A

Often no symptoms

Painful bowel movement
Rectal discharge
Bleeding
Itching

Sore throat
Swollen LN

28
Q

Signs of chlamydia Tx

A

Women often asymptomatic but dysuria discharge bleeding

Men discharge and dysuria

If anal then discomfort

Doxy for a week

29
Q

Babies and chlamydia

A

Conjunctivitis
Pneumonia

obs (23 decks)

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