Ova Manufacture

Question 1

What are the 2 million reproductive stem cells of the ovaries?

Answer 1

Oogonia (oogonium)

Question 2

What process do Oogonia go through?

Why?

Answer 2

Mitosis

Oogonia are diploid cells that must create identical copies

Question 3

What are the cells that are created from Oogonia?

Answer 3

Primary Oocyte (Diploid cells)

Question 4

What covers primary oocytes?

Answer 4

A layer of tightly attached simple squamous epithelium.

Called follicular cells

Question 5

What is the entire complex of primary oocytes and follicular cells referred to as?

Answer 5

Primordial Follicle

Question 6

What process do primary oocytes go through (before puberty)?

Answer 6

Meiosis I

Do not complete process until after puberty

Question 7

What is the complex created by primary oocytes?

Answer 7

Primary Follicles

Question 8

After puberty, how often does ovulation occur?

Answer 8

Approximately every 28 days.

Question 9

What begins the process of ovulation after puberty?

Answer 9

FSH is released by the pituitary gland in response to GnRH released by the hypothalamus.

Question 10

How is a primary follicle selected for development?

Answer 10

One primary follicle, chosen randomly, reacts to FSH

Question 11

What does FSH do to the “chosen” primary follicle?

Answer 11

• Follicular cells grow and develop a layer of cells around the egg:

Thecal cells

• secrete follicular fluid

Question 12

What is follicular fluid?

Answer 12

Straw colored fluid, rich in estrogens that fills the are between follicular cells and developing egg in space:

Antrum

Question 13

What is the thick membrane that develops around the ova in response to FSH?

Answer 13

Zona Pellucida

Question 14

Once a primary oocyte completes process of meiosis I, what happens?

Answer 14

Division of cytoplasm occurs unevenly.

Creates two haploid cells:

1. First Polar Body
2. Secondary Oocyte

Question 15

What happens to First Polar Body cells?

Answer 15

Do not receive sufficient cytoplasm and eventually die and disintegrate

Question 16

What happens to the antrum of secondary follicles?

Answer 16

Follicular cells continue to release Follicular fluid until the follicular cells balloon outward.

Graafian cells result

Question 17

What does estrogen do?

Answer 17

1. Causes anterior pituitary gland to release L.H.
2. Causes endometrial lining of uterus to grow and mature
3. Inhibits release of FSH

Question 18

What is the “burst of L.H.”

Answer 18

Sudden release of L.H. in response to estrogen

Question 19

What does L.H. cause?

Answer 19

1. Increase in body temperature
2. The rupture of graafian follicle

Question 20

Once the graafian follicle ruptures, what happens?

Answer 20

The egg and follicular fluid are released to the fallopian tubes

Question 21

Why does estrogen affect the endometrial lining?

Answer 21

Preps it for embryo implantation

Question 22

Why does L.H. prevent the release of FSH?

Answer 22

Allows the body to allow fertilization of egg cell before developing another

Question 23

After ovulation, does the body have a main source of estrogen?

Answer 23

No

Question 24

What hormone is released to accomodate for the loss of estrogen after ovulation?

Answer 24

Progesterone is released by Corpus Luteum

Question 25

What are the Corpus Luteum?

Answer 25

Leftover scar tissue from graafian cells that continues to grow for a week after to ovulation

Question 26

How long do the corpus luteum produce progesterone?

Answer 26

If pregnant, for the first three months.

If not pregnant, it is reabsorbed into ovary

Question 27

What are the leftover, white scars left by the remains of corpus luteum?

Answer 27

Corpus albicans