Outline 1 Flashcards
Describe anatomy
Study of a structure Morphology(shape) of a structure How it's made Cellular make up Relationship to parts Study of organism and systems
What do we call how something moves…..
How is it in relationship to parts……
How a structure moves….
Function of a structure……
Physiology
How many anatomical positions are there?
7
Name the 7 anatomical positions….
Planes, coronal, Sagittarius, transverse, Neuraxis, pole to pole, long axis
Are vertical= longitudinal, horizontal, slant have to do with planes of reference?
Yes
Describe coronal plane?
Crown, separate piece front to back
What is Sagittal plane
Down the middle
Separates L from R
Sagittal suture in skull?….. Midline suture in skull……
Yes!!!!!
Is separation of a piece of ear an example of Sagittal plane?
Yes
What is transverse plane?
Separates top from bottom90% angle to horizontal plane
Describe Neuraxis…
Long axis through brain and brain stem… A bit of a slant
Pole to pole?……
Neurological frontal lobe to occipital lobe…. Transverse…
Long axis?…
Top of brain to spinal cord end
Are Sagittal and coronal planes longitudinal(vertical) planes?
Yes
How many anatomical directions are there?
17
Describe ventral(belly)/anterior….
Away from the back towards front of the body
Dorsal/ posterior….
Towards backbone away from front
Ex. Kidney is dorsal to liver
Inferior to/caudal……
Towards tail away from head
Ex. Knees are caudal to thighs
Rostral/cranial …
Towards head away from tail
Describe contralateral…
Opposite to….. L side of brain controlsR side of body
What is ipsilateral?
Same side
How high up brain damage occurs will decide if ipsilateral or contralateral damage?
Yes
Does damage in brain stem result in ipsilateral symptoms?
Yes
Superficial…
Away from center towards surface
Deep….
Example: lungs deep to ribs
Away from surface towards center
Are superficial and deep opposite?
Yes
Superior…
Upper
Above
Over
Inferior….
Lower, distant to DEEP
Means below something
External…
Towards outer surface
Internal….
Towards inner surface
Medial….
Towards axis or midline
Ex. Heart is medial to lungs
Ex.collar bone is medial to shoulder
Lateral….
Away from axis or midline
Ex. Sternum is lateral to heart but both are midline axis
Proximal….
Towards body or root of free extremity
What is an example of free extremities ?
Arms and legs
Other example of proximal …..
Ex. Elbow is proximal to wrist
Distal?
Away from body or root of free extremity
Example of distal…
Elbow is distal to forearm
Central?
Center—–example… My spine is a central structure
Peripheral
Outer edge
Opposite of center
Abduction
Move away
Adduction
Come together
Abduction and adduction are used to describe what
Vocal fold motion
Extension
Lengthening of a muscle/ straightening of a limb
Flexion
Shortening of a muscle
Bending of a limb
Pronation is what
Laying on tummy
Suppination
Laying on back
Origin is related to muscle movement. What does it mean.
Beginning of a muscle
First point of attachment
Muscles arises from hear
Does origin and insertion have everything to do with movement.
Yes
If origin of a muscle above insertion,the muscle lifts structure?
Yes
If origin of muscle is below insertion it pulls structure down.
Yes
