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Anatomy > Outine 14 Skull And Facial Skeleton > Flashcards

Outine 14 Skull And Facial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Velopharynx and nasal cavity…….

A
  • velum closes against posterior wall
  • it is the opening between throat and nose
  • velum closure for SUCKING and SWALLOWING and SPEECH
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2
Q

Most inferior muscle of velum?

A

Lavator veil palatine

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3
Q

Describe lavator veil palatine

A

Courses downward into middle of soft palate(velum) and forms aver or sling of muscle

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4
Q

When lavator veli palatine contracts, it pulls velum up and back?

A

Yes

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5
Q

When tensor veli palatine contract, it twist gestation tube and opens it?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What is the most superior muscle of velum?

A

Uvulus

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7
Q

Where does uvula arise from?

A

Uvula arises from posterior bony structure of hard palate

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8
Q

Facts about palatopharyngeous…

A 
Comes from velum and attaches beow
VELOR DEPRESSOR
Lower soft palate or raise the tongue
Makes "k" sound
Nasal sound
'M' 'n' 'ng' phonemes
Intervated by Vegas nerve
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9
Q

Cognates made by apex of tongue?

A

“D”—voiced sound

“T”—unvoiced

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10
Q

Cognates from dorsum of tongue?

A

“G”—voiced

“K”—unvoiced

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11
Q

Structures of nasal pharynx……

A

Opening to gestation tube

Adoid pad

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12
Q

Cranial skeleton is also known as?

A

Skull

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13
Q

What are the names of the 2 frame works for articulation and resonance?

A

Facial skeleton and skull

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14
Q

Is skull resonance?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Is facial skeleton articulation?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Resonance depends on what 3 things of the vocal tract?

A

Size, length, shape

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17
Q

Where does vocal tract begin?

A

Goes from top of true vocal folds where aire starts vibrating and out to end of lips and tip of nose

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18
Q

Mandible and hyoid bone are inferior structures for articulation?

A

Yes

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19
Q

For resonance track, cervical vertebra is posterior and cranial and facial bones are superior and anterior?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Are baby skulls fused at birth?

A

No

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21
Q

Why are baby skulls not fused at birth?

A

It allows for growth and childbirthing

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22
Q

What are the gaps in skulls called?

A

Fontinelles

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23
Q

Is baby brain 25% of adult size when born?

At 2yrs old is baby brain 75% adult size?

A

Yes

Yes

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24
Q

What are the names of 3 cranial pathologies?

A

Plagiocephaly
Cranial synostosis
Decision threshold- 6 months

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25
Q

Describe plagiocephaly

A

External molding/ baby head being pressed consistantly developing a flat spot on back of skull

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26
Q

Other name for cranial synostosis

A

Synostotic

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27
Q

What is cranial synostosis/synostotic

A

Bones of skull fused together

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28
Q

How many bones does the skull have?

A

8

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29
Q

Name 8 skull bones

A 
Frontal lobe
Parietal bone(2)
Occipital bone
Temporal bone(2)Ethmoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone
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30
Q

Facts of Frontal bone……

A

Also known as squamous portion
Anterior of frontal bone forms eye socket
Frontal bone articulates with NASAL BONE
Coronal and Saggital suture is articulation with Parietal bone

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31
Q

Facts of Parietal bone

A

Forms mid portion of skull
Has SKULL CAP=skull head
Forms bulk of brain case
Located superiorly;anterior lay, posteriorly on skull

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32
Q

Facts of occipital bone……..

A
  • Forms posterior and inferior skull
  • Holds hearing…
  • Forms roof of pharynx
  • Articulates with atlas at top of cervical vertebrae
  • Anteriorly occipital bone articulates with parietal bone
  • inferiorly and laterally it articulates with temporal and sphenoid bone
  • occipital contains for amen magnum
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33
Q

Facts about temporal bone…..

A

It is a paired bone
Cochlea and vestibular canals in temporal bone and middle ear cavities in temporal bone
Ridges in skull are sharp–shearing injuries….

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34
Q

How many parts does temporal bone have?

A

5 parts……….

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34
Q

What are the names of 5 parts to temporal bone?

A 
Zygomatic process
Mastoid process
Petrus portion
Styloid process 
Squamous part
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35
Q

Zygomatic process…….

A

Check one

Crossed by inferior temporal line and temporal lobe of brain beneath it

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36
Q

Mastoid process………

A
  • Behind ear—— lumpy, filled with mastoid aire cells
  • mastoid aire cells and sinuses in facial and cranial spaces filled with aire— natures way of making head less heavy
  • posterior belly of dicastricus attaches here
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37
Q

Petrus portion/ petromastoid

Tympanic

A
  • Wrapping underneath base of skull; along Petrus portion along occipital and sphenoid for base of skull
  • goes inward from joint of jaw
  • houses organ of hearing and balance——inner ear is vestibular canals and chocked
  • levator veli palatine arises from Petrus portion of temporal bone

*below squamous portion; anterior to mastoid process, tympanic part form floor and wall of external auditory MEATUS

38
Q

Styloid process…….

A
  • Pink bony sue horn; long slender projection
  • origins of 3 muscles:
    - stylohyoid
    - stylopharyngeous
    - styloglosis
  • insertion is into tongue or pharynx or hyoid bone
39
Q

Define MEATUS

A

Ear canal

40
Q

Ethmoid bone………..

A
  • central bone;flat plate in middle side septum
  • curly sides called concha
  • has CRISTA GALLI- cox comb– u can kill with this jabbing elbow at base of skull
  • forms part of orbit of eye
  • sits at notch of frontal bone
41
Q

Septum bone?

A

Crib reform plate of ethmoid bone

42
Q

Are there lots of olfactory nerve endings coming down ethmoid bone?

A

Yes

43
Q

5 parts of ethmoid bone?

A 
CRISTA GALLI 
Middle concha
Superior concha
Perpendicular plate ( bony nasal septum)
Crib inform plate
44
Q

Sphenoid bone………

A

*Unpaired/ shaped like a butterfly
*Forms bulk of floor of mid portion of cranial cavity
*Many points of attachments
*Forms part of orbit of eye
*Has optic canal where optic nerves cross
*

45
Q

More about sphenoid bone……..

A
  • Posterior to ethmoid bone
  • anterior to occipital and temporal bone
  • articulates with parietal, frontal, temporal, occipital—– touches every bone
  • forms part of nasal and pharyngeal cavities
  • articulates with BOMER
  • articulates with palatial and maxilla bones
46
Q

What is BOMER?

A

Facial bone

47
Q

Does sphenoid bone articulate with all bones of skull and most of face bones?

A

Yes

48
Q

What muscle elevator of velum wraps around Hamulus of Spenoid bone?

A

Tensor veli palatini

49
Q

Sinuses—4 paranasal sinuses…… Names?

A

Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

50
Q

Are the sinuses cavities in the bones?

A

Yes

51
Q

What are the sinuses typically filled with?

A

Aire

52
Q

Frontal sinuses……

A

Paired(2)
Deep to eyebrows
Open up to anterior part of nasal cavity

53
Q

Maxillary sinuses……

A
  • Paired(2)
  • Largest of sinuses
  • Base is lateral wall of nasal cavity
  • Extended sideways to Zygomatic bone
  • Roof is orbit to eye
54
Q

Ethmoid sinuses……

A

Superior to concha
Thin walled
Located between nasal cavity and orbit of eye
In groups….—– superior, middle, interior

55
Q

Sphenoid sinuses…..

A

*cant see them
*paired(2)
*above pharynx
*

56
Q

What is the function of sinuses?

A

Reduce weight of skull

57
Q

What are sinuses lined with

A

Ciliates mucos

58
Q

Describe cilia

A

Hairlike structure

59
Q

Cilia also lines airway?

A

Yes

60
Q

Sinuses give room for skull and facial bones to grow?

A

Yes

61
Q

Sinuses contribute to nasal resonance?

A

Yes

62
Q

Facial skeleton has how many bones?

A

14—–6 are paired

63
Q

Name facial bones……

A

*mandible
*vomer
Maxilla(paired)
Lacrimal bone(paired)
Nasal bone(paired)
Zygomatic bone(paired)
Palatine(paired)
Inferior concha (paired)

64
Q

Is the mandible largest facial bone?

A

Yes

65
Q

Is the mandible a single bone after first year of life?

A

Yes

66
Q

What is the name of point of chin?

A

Mandibular synthesis

67
Q

What is another name for mandibular synthesis?

A

Mental

68
Q

Does chin have an angle?

A

Yes

69
Q

What is a Ramus?

A

Part of mandible that goes up and bifercates (separates) into 2 processes

70
Q

What are the names of 2 process of Ramus of mandible?

A

Condylar process

Coronoid process

71
Q

Is condylar process…
Fit into temporal bone…
Part of temporal mandibular joint?

A

Yes

72
Q

Coronoid process…….
Not join with other bones or cartilages….
IS attached to a muscle(temporalis)…..
Temporalis is a jaw closing muscle……

A

Yes

73
Q

Facts about mylohyloid bone…….

A

Ridge on each side of mandible…….

Has alveolar ridge one on each side…. Each holds a tooth

74
Q

What is edentulous?

A

Jaw with no teeth

75
Q

Does Mental Protuberance spine have attachments points for gynohyoid and anterior for digastricus?

A

Yes

76
Q

Maxilla of face a paired bone?

A

Yes

77
Q

Maxilla forms what?

A

Upper jaw

78
Q

Name 4 processes for maxilla

A

Zygomatic
Frontal
Alveolar
Palatine

79
Q

Maxilla forms middle of face and anterior of face?
Floor of nose/roof of mouth?
Floor to orbital cavity?
Bone that separates ORAL and NASAL cavity?
Body is front portion of face?

A

Yes

80
Q

Maxilla has canine eminences(alveolar process)?

A

Yes

81
Q

Describe zygomatic process of maxilla…..

A

Frontal process—lateral border of nose, alveolar process–contain teeth, palatine process—- central suture in maxilla AND…..
Central origin of CLFT PALATE

82
Q

Facts about palatine process of Maxilla……

A

… Process has to come together to fuse in midline
Fusion happens at a specific window of time in embryonic process
….. If this window closes before bones come together and fuse……. CLEFT PALATE

83
Q

Is anterior nasal spine most anterior portion of coma bells?….. X-Ray landmark?

A

Yes

84
Q

Vomer bone……

A

Fills gap between ethmoid and maxilla
Most inferior and posterior part of nasal septum
Midline bone
Knife blade, plowshare in shape

85
Q

Lacrimal bone( paired)…….

A

Forms portion of medial wall of the orbital cavities

Lateral border of nasal cavities

86
Q

Zygomatic bone (paired)…….

A

Forms cheek bone
Forms part of orbit of eye

*remember that frontal, temporal,, maxilla bones have zygomatic processes….. SO……..zygomatic bone has frontal, temporal and maxillary processes.

87
Q

Palatine bone (paired)……..

A

Posterior border of hard palate
“L” shaped
Forms part of lateral wall of nasal cavity
Posterior nasal spine ( point at end of nasal spine)

88
Q

Superior and middle concha( paired)……

A

Part of ethmoid.
Inferior middle concha looks like a swallow nest
Form inferior turban end
Not attached to anything, just sits on lateral part of nose
Inferior concha is LARGEST of concha

89
Q

How many bones form orbit of the eye?

A

7

90
Q

Name 7 bones that form orbit of eye….

A 
Maxilla bone(facial bone)
Lacrimal bone ( facial bone)
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid( skull bone)
Frontal bone(skull bone)
Sphenoid bone(skull bone)
Zygomatic bone ( facial bone)
91
Q

Orbit of eye made up of 7 bones and how many different areas?

A

6

92
Q

What are the names of the 6 areas of orbit?

A 
Roof of orbit
Floor
Medial wall
Lateral wall
Base
Apex( optic nerve goes thru Spenoid bone)

Anatomy (7 decks)

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