Outcome Measures Flashcards
Who said: 89% of periapical lesions show some signs of healing within one yearafter NSRCT therapy, although it can take up to four years for the lesions to completely resolve?
Orstavik 1996
Orstavik 1996
periapical lesions
89% of periapical lesions show some signs of healing within one yearafter NSRCT therapy, although it can take up to four years for the lesions to completely resolve
Who found that the Peak incidence of healing or emerging apical periodontitis was at 1 year in both instances?
Orstavik 1996
who studied 89 PARL after NSRCT and found that 18% demonstrated complete healing after 6 mos, and 71% showed complete healing at one year or longer?
Murphy 1991 (at vcu!)
Murphy VCU
periapical lesions
studied 89 PARL after NSRCT and found that 18% demonstrated complete healing after 6 mos, and 71% showed complete healing at one year or longer?
Who used Delta Dental records and showed that of 1.4 million initial NSRCT, 97% were retained after 8 years
Salehrabi and Rotstein (2004)
Salehrabi and Rotstein 2004
prognosis
used Delta Dental records and showed that of 1.4 million initial NSRCT, 97% were retained after 8 years
Who said in a systematic review that no difference in the survival rates of implants versus NSRCT (both 94%)
Iqbal and Kim 2007
Iqbal and Kim 2007
prognosis
systematic review of 55 implant studies and 13 NSRCT studies. no difference in the survival rates of implants versus NSRCT (both 94%)
Who said: technical quality of coronal restoration was significantly more important than the technical quality of the endodontic treatment for apical periodontal health (presence of periradicular inflammation)
Ray and Trope 1995
What did Ray and Trope 1995 say was most important in whether an endodontically treated tooth ended up with periradicular inflammation?
technical quality of coronal restoration
Who said teeth that were not restored with a coronal restoration were 4x more likely to undergo extraction (used insurance databases)
Lazarski 2001
What did Lazarski 2001 say about the importance of a coronal restoration?
teeth that were not restored with a coronal restoration were 4x more likely to undergo extraction (used insurance databases)
Who said the best indicator of post-op pain is pre-op pain?
Walton and Foaud 1992
Walton and Foaud 1992
post-op pain
best indicator of post-op pain is pre-op pain
Who showed no correlation between post-op pain and patient demographics or systemic conditions, number of appointments, treatment procedures, or taking antibiotics
Walton and Foaud 1992
Hasselgren 1988
obliterated root canals
Teeth with obliterated root canals (couldn’t be obturated at least a third of the tooth, and couldn’t be seen on radiograph) had an 89% 2-12 year success rate. No PARL: 98%. PARL: 63%
Who said: Teeth with obliterated root canals (couldn’t be obturated at least a third of the tooth, and couldn’t be seen on radiograph) had an 89% 2-12 year success rate. No PARL: 98%. PARL: 63%
Hasselgren 1988
Cheung 2005
likelihood of a crowned tooth needing a root canal?
The survival rates for pulp vitality were 84% (single unit) and 71% (bridge) after 10 years, and 81% (single unit) and 66% (bridge) after 15 years.
Who said: The survival rates for pulp vitality were 84.4% (single unit) and 70.8% (bridge) after 10 years, and 81.2% (single unit) and 66.2% (bridge) after 15 years.
Cheung 2005
Who said: Maxillary anterior teeth used as bridge abutments had a higher rate of pulpal necrosis than any other tooth types
Cheung 2005
Cheung 2005-which teeth are most likely to need root canals when used as bridge abutments?
Maxillary anterior teeth
Who said that neither dehydration nor endodontic tx caused degradation of the physical or mechanical properties of dentin?
Huang 1991
Huang 1991
are endo teeth more brittle?
neither dehydration nor endodontic tx caused degradation of the physical or mechanical properties of dentin?
Two studies that support that endodontically treated teeth are not more brittle?
Huang 1991
Sedgley and Messer 1992
Sedgley and Messer 1992
are endo tx’d teeth more brittle?
Tested the biomechanical properties of dentin from 23 endo tx’d teeth (avg. 10 year post-tx). Compared to contralateral vital teeth. Aside from a slight difference in hardness, the properties were compatible. IE Endo tx’d teeth are not more brittle!
Why do endo tx’d teeth seem more brittle?
Reeh 1989
It is the loss of structural integrity associated with the access preparation, rather than changes in the dentin, that lead to a higher occurrence of fractures in endodontically treated teeth compared with vital teeth.
Who says that it is the loss of structural integrity associated with the access preparation, rather than changes in the dentin, that lead to a higher occurrence of fractures in endodontically treated teeth compared with vital teeth.
Reeh 1989
Who showed that access preparations result in greater cuspal flexure, increasing the probability of cuspal fracture?
Panitvisai and Messer 1995
Panitvisai and Messer 1995
showed that access preparations result in greater cuspal flexure, increasing the probability of cuspal fracture
who to quote that cuspal coverage should be provided for posterior teeth?
Panitvisai and Messer 1995
Two studies to quote that the presence of a cuspal coverage restoration is one of the most significant factors in prediction of long term success?
Cheung 2003,
Sorensen
Aquilino and Caplan
2002
retrospective study that found that endo tx’d teeth with cuspal coverage were six times more likely to survive than those with intercoronal restorations
who did a retrospective study that found that endo tx’d teeth with cuspal coverage were six times more likely to survive than those with intercoronal restorations
Aquilino and Caplan 2002
Heydecke 2001
posts
The placement of posts may increase the chances of root fracture
Who to quote for the placement of posts may increase the chances of root fracture?
Heydecke 2001
Who to quote that anterior teeth with minimal loss of tooth structure may be restored conservatively with a bonded restoration in the access opening.
Sorensen & Martinoff 1984
Sorensen & Martinoff 1984
post endo restoration?
anterior teeth with minimal loss of tooth structure may be restored conservatively with a bonded restoration in the access opening.
Difference between retention and resistance?
Retention: the ability to withstand vertical forces
Resistance: the ability to withstand lateral and rotational forces
When is a tapered post indicated?
In thin roots with delicate morphology
Who showed that there is a higher success rate with parallel than tapered posts?
Sorensen and Martinoff1984
What is the adequate length for posts (according to whom?)
8 mm. Neagley 1969
Why should titanium posts not be used?
Why should zirconia posts not be used?
Low fracture strength
Cannot be etched-so cannot be bonded to. Also, impossible to grind away if needs to be removed.
Who said that temporary posts/crowns are not effective in preventing contamination of the root-canal system?
Fox1997
Whose review article recommends that post length equal 3/4 of root canal length, or at least equal to length of the crown (but 4-5 mm of GP should remain apically to maintain an adequate seal)?
Goodacre and Spolnik 1995
Goodacre and Spolnik 1995
post length
review article recommends that post length equal 3/4 of root canal length, or at least equal to length of the crown. But, 4-5 mm of GP should remain apically to maintain an adequate seal.
Who said that occlusal forces concentrate at the crest of bone during masticatory function, therefore, a post should always extend apically beyond the crest of bone?
Hunter 1989
Hunter 1989
posts?
occlusal forces concentrate at the crest of bone during masticatory function, therefore, a post should always extend apically beyond the crest of bone
Two studies that conclude that the presence of a cuspal coverage restoration was the only significant variable to predict long term success:
Sorenson (1984) evaluateated 1273 endodontically treated teeth
Aquilino & Caplan (2002) evaluated 608 teeth
Who said only 50% of endodontically treated molars were restored with cuspal coverage restorations?
Scurria et al. 1995
Who said 4 mm of chamber height is sufficient for retention?
kane et al. 1990
What did Salehrabi and Rotstein find about during their delta dental NSRCT survival study about the teeth that had to be extracted?
85% had no full coverage
Overall healed and functional rates for de Chevigny 2008 for NSRCT?
86% healed, 95% functional
Three prognostic factors found in de Chevigny 2008 study for NSRCT?
Better outcome for:
teeth without pre-op radiolucency
without multiple roots
without intraop complications
de Chevigny 2008 healed and functional rates for NSRCT tx’d teeth with and without PARL’s?
with PARL: 82% healed, 96% functional
without PARL: 93% healed, 94% functional
Which different studies did Ng do on prognosis for NSRCT?
2007: Review of lit part 1 and 2: lit review and meta analysis
2011: Prospective study part 1: success, part 2: survival
Who said there is a 14% decrease in success for every 1 mm increase in pre-op lesions for NSRCT studies?
Ng 2011
Who can you quote that vital teeth can be obturated 2-3 mm short, but non-vital teeth need to be within 2 mm of the apex?
Wu, Wesselink and Walton 2000
Ng 2011 prospective outcome study for NSRCT results
89% healed (loose criteria), 83% healed (strict criteria), 95% survival rate
Ng 2007 meta-analysis outcome study for NSRCT
Success ranged from 68-85%
Two general studies to quote for prognosis for NSRCT?
Toronto (deChevigny) prospective: 86% healed, 95% fully functional. Ng prospective 83% healed, 95% survival
deChevigny Retreat prospective study results?
4-6 years after retx: 82% healed, 94% functional
Ng. Retreat prospective study results for retreats? Meta-analysis results?
Prospective: 80% healed, Meta: 77% healed.
Survival: 95%
Tsesis 2006 surgery
Retrospective study using 3 endodontists and 3 oral surgeons. Complete healing 91% of time with modern technique, 44% with traditional.
Who did Retrospective study using 3 endodontists and 3 oral surgeons. Complete healing 91% of time with modern technique, 44% with traditional.
Tsesis 2006
Who did a meta-analysis that traditional root end had a 59% positive outcome, and modern microsurgery a 94% positive outcome?
Setzer 2010
Setzer 2010 surgery
meta-analysis that traditional root end had a 59% positive outcome, and modern microsurgery a 94% positive outcome
Song 2014
No significant difference between one and four year success rate for microsurgery (91% v. 88%).
Who said No significant difference between one and four year success rate for microsurgery (91% v. 88%).
Song 2014
Hoen 2002-extra canal?
In a previously treated tooth with obturation material 0.5 mm or more off center, 89% of roots had an additional canal.
Who saidIn a previously treated tooth with obturation material 0.5 mm or more off center, 89% of roots had an additional canal?
Hoen 2002
Spili 2005
NSD in prognosis with a separated instrument (92% v. 94%)
What are the prognostic factors for retxs, according to De Chevigny, Friedman 2008?
Better if inadequate fill, no lesion, no perf
Torbinejad 2009 outcome of retx?
71% at 2-4 years, 83% at 4-6 years, meta analysis shows that retx has more favorable long term outcome than surgery
Who showed that apexification has a 91-94% success rate with MTA?
Witherspoon 2001
Witherspoon 2001 described what?
Apexification with MTA (91 to 94% success rate).
What is the goal of endodontic treatment?
Create an environment in which the body can heal itself (Cohen and Hargreaves)
Two studies to quote that if surgery tx is preceded by non-surgical retx, prognosis will increase by 10-20%
Original Ostavik, more recently Zuolo
Andreasen and Rud’s 1972 four categories for judging endodontic success?
Complete, Incomplete (decrease in size), Uncertain (radiolucency >2x normal PDL space), Unsatisfactory
Who came up with four categories for judging endodontic success (complete, incomplete, uncertain, unsatisfactory)?
Andreasen and Rud 1972
Who created radiographic visual aids to go with Rud’s criteria?
Molven 1987
Orstavik’s criteria for success
Periapical index (1: healthy to 5: severe periapical disease)
Friedman 2010 prospective study surgical outcome?
74% healed, 94% functional.
Three predictive factors for surgical outcome from Friedman’s 2010 study?
Better outcome if older than 45 y.o., inadequate pre-op filling, crypt, <10 mm size
Ng 2008- meta-analysis for retreats: healing rate?
77%
Ng 2008- meta-analysis for retreats: three prognostic factors?
Better outcome if no PARL pre-op, root canal filling was not long, and good coronal restoration
Who showed that following NSRCT, condensing osteitis completely reverses in 73% of cases?
Eliasson 1984
What did Eliasson 1984 show about condensing osteitis?
Reverses in 73% of cases
Who showed incidence of severe flare-up post op that resulted in an unscheduled appointment is 1.5-5.5%
Walton
Walton
flare-ups?
Incidence of severe flare-up post-op that resulted in an unscheduled appt: 1.5-5.5%
Who said that for necrotic teeth with PARL:
94% success 0-2 mm short
68% success > 2 mm short
76% success when long
Sjogren 1990
What did Von Arx 2012 find were two significant predictors of healing for apical surgery?
- mesial-distal bone level (less than 3 v. greater than 3) (78v. 53%)
- MTA v. superEBA (86 v. 67%)
Who found that two significant predictors of healing for apical surgery are:
- mesial-distal bone level (less than 3 v. greater than 3) (78v. 53%)
- MTA v. superEBA (86 v. 67%)
Von Arx 2012
Who said 84% of teeth are healed one year after apical surgery, while 76% are healed after 5 years
Von Arx 2012
Von Arx 2012- healed rate for apices at 1 yr. v. 5 yr
84 v. 76%
