Outcome 3 Flashcards
Advantages/disadvantage of biomedical model
Advantages: - extends life expectancy
- improves quality of life
Disadvantages: - affordability
- doesn’t always promote good health.
Social model
An approach to health that attempts to address the broader influences on health rather than the disease or injury itself.
Principles of the social model (5)
Addresses the broader determinants of health Involves intersectoral collaboration Acts to reduce social inequities Acts to enable access to healthcare Empowers individuals and communities
Health promotion: Ottawa Charter
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It therefore focuses on prevention rather than cure.
Strategies for health promotion
Advocate: actions that gain support from governments
Enable: reduce difference in health status (education)
Mediate: changes required to promote health I.e funding, legislation
Action areas of the Ottawa charter
Build healthy public policy Create supportive environments Strengthen community action Develop personal skills Reorient health services
VicHealth
A Victorian government funded body that works with organisations, communities and individuals. Main aims are health promotion and illness prevention.
Mission of VicHealth (5)
- Promote good health in partnership with others
- recognise that the social and economic factors for all people influence their health
- promote fairness and opportunity for better health
- support initiatives that assist individuals, communities e.t.c to improve wellbeing
- seek to prevent chronic conditions for all Victorians
Strategic priority areas of VicHealth
Promote health eating Encourage regular physical activity Prevent tobacco use Prevent harm from alcohol Improve mental wellbeing
Medicare
Australia’s universal healthcare system that aims to improve the access to healthcare for all Australians and to provide access to adequate healthcare at little or no cost to all Australians.
Covered (Medicare)
Consultation fees
Tests and examinations
Most surgical procedures
Not covered (Medicare)
Any cosmetic or unnecessary procedures
Treatment in a private hospital
General dental examinations and treatment
Ambulance services
How is Medicare funded?
The Medicare levy
The Medicare levy surcharge
General taxation
Advantages/disadvantages of Medicare
Advantages: - choice of Doctor
- available to all australian citizens
Disadvantages: - waiting lists
- does not cover alternative therapies
Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme
Subsidies the cost of a range of prescription medications, making them more affordable
Roles of federal government
Medicare, PBS, Quarantine, funding for health system, regulatory roles
Role of state/territory governments
- Delivery of health services. I.e public hospitals, school health curriculum
- Regulatory responsibilities: licensing GP’s, industry regulations (sale of alcohol and tobacco)
Local governments
- removal of waste
- water quality testing
- delivering immunisation
Private health insurance
A type of insurance under which members pay a premium in return for payment towards health-related costs not covered by Medicare
Incentives for private health insurance
- The 30% rebate incentive
- ‘Lifetime cover’ (after 31 have to pay extra two percent on premiums every year over 30: I.e 40yo pays extra 20%)
- Medicare levy surcharge
Advantages/disadvantages of private health insurance
Advantages: - enable access to private hospital care - choice of Doctor Disadvantages: - costly - sometimes have a gap. - qualifying periods. I.e pregnancy.
Values that underpin the health system
Effective: achieving desired outcomes
Efficient: achieve desired outcomes with cost-effective use of resources
Responsive: treating people with respect and confidentiality.
Accessible: access at right place and right time
Safe: reduction in level of potential harm
Continuous: provide continuous care
Sustainable: lasts over time
Nutrition surveys
Provide a snapshot of what Australians are eating at a particular time. Used to take action to improve overall health status
The australian dietary Guidlines
To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious foods and drinks to meet your energy needs
Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the five food groups
Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol
Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding
Care for your food; prepare and store it safely.
The Australian guide to health eating
A visual tool incorporated into the Australian dietary Guidlines. It is intended robe used by consumers to assist them in planning, selecting and consuming adequate proportions of foods from the five food groups.
Nutrition Australia
Focus is to promote healthy eating and adequate physical activity. Act as consultants and a source of scientific information.
Actions: the healthy eating advisory service etc
Selection models
Health eating pyramid and lacto-ovo vegetarian pyramid
The heart foundation
Objectives are to support and inform, build partnerships, promote lifestyle changes, promote lifestyle changes etc.
Actions: raise awareness, heart foundation tick of approval etc.mums United and the heart foundation fish oil program.
Biomedical model
An approach that treats people once symptoms of ill health are present. It relies heavily on doctors, hospitals, pharmaceuticals and medical technology.
