Other Viruses Flashcards
Describe what papovaviruses are divided in to?
Type
Human papillomaviruses - infect epithelial cells of skin/mucus membrane, associated with benign/malignant neoplastic lesions: warts, laryngeal carcinoma, carcinoma of cervix etc.
Polyomaviruses - inc. JC virus which causes progressive multifocal laucoencephalopathy in immunosuppressed pts -> demylination and destruction of brain
DNA
B19 virus
Family
Type and structure
Spread
Causes
Pavovirus
ssDNA, icosahedral capsid, no envelope
Respiratory droplets
Roseola infantum - slapped cheek syndrome: rash, initially affects cheeks, spreads to trunk and limbs +/- fever. Occasionally meningitis/encephalitis. Crisis in sickle cell. May infect foetus: anaemia, hydrops fetalis, death.
Rotavirus
Family
Type and structure
Transmitted
Cause
Reovirus
dsRNA, icosahedral capsid, no envelope
Faeco-oral, respiratory droplets/aerosols from vomit
Diarrhoea
Coltiviruses and Orbiviruses
Family
Type
Transmitted
Causes
Reoviruses (arboviruses)
dsRNA
Arthropods and rodents
Febrile illnesses, malaise, rash, meningitis/encephalitits. Coltivirus = Colarado tick fever.
Hepatitis E
Family
Type and structure
Transmitted
Causes
Calicivirus
ssRNA + polarity RNA, icosahedral capsid, no envelope
Faeco-oral
Hepatitis, malaise, fever, loss of appetite, dark urine, jaundice
Family: Astroviruses
Type and structure
Causes
Transmitted
ssRNA + polarity RNA, icosahedral capsid, no envelope
Gastroenteritis: fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, abdo pain, diarrhoea
Faeco-oral, respiratory
Enterovirus
Family
Type and structure
Cause
Picornavirus
ssRNA + polarity RNA, icosahedral, no envelope
Gastroenteritis. Can infect other tissues causing overt disease: neurones and other cells in CNS, muscle, epithelia, pacreas. Virus kills cells it infects.
Faeco-oral
Variola virus
Family
Type
Causes
Pox
dsDNA
Smallpox. Eradicated by vaccination program.
Adenovirus
Type and structure
Causes
dsDNA, icosahedral, non-enveloped
Respiratory tract: colds, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonitis. Eye: conjunctivitis. GI: diarrhoea, gastroenteritis. Genitourinary: haemorrhagic cystitis, urethritis, genital ulcers.
Norovirus/Norwalk virus
Family
Type and structure
Causes
Transmitted
Calicivirus
ssRNA + polatiry RNA, icosahedral capsid, no envelope
Fever, malaise, anusea, vomiting, abdo pain, diarrhoea
Faeco-oral, respiratory
Poliovirus
Family
Type and structure
Causes
Picornavirus
ssRNA + polarity RNA, icosahedral, no envelope
Poliomyelitis
