Other Resp Dzz - VanderLay

Question 1

what causes sinusitis?

Answer 1

dehorning, tooth root abscess

Question 2

clin signs of sinusitis?

Answer 2

systemic inflammation, abnormal head carriage, nasal or poll discharge

Question 3

dx of sinusitis?

Answer 3

clin signs
percussion of sinuses
x rays

Question 4

tx of sinusitis?

Answer 4

trephination
flushing
prolonged drainage
broad spectrum antimicrobials and Nsaids

Question 5

what is the presentation and etiology of calf diphtheria?

Answer 5

• necrotic laryngitis

- infection of the larynx w F. necrophorum

Question 6

pathogenesis of calf diphtheria?

Answer 6

• mucosal damage due to vuris
• allows formation of laryngeal contact ulcers
• ulcers become infected w F. necrophorum

Question 7

clin signs of calf diphtheria?

Answer 7

• pharyngeal / laryngeal swelling
• inspiratory dypsnea (honkers0
• salivation
• frequent attempts to swallow or drink water
• fever

Question 8

dx calf diphtheria?

Answer 8

clin signs

oropharyngeal exam

Question 9

tx of calf diphtheria?

Answer 9

oxytet, pennicilin, nsaids

steroids in severe cases

sx drainage / debulking

tracheostomy

Question 10

sequelae to calf diphtheria?

Answer 10

death
aspiration pneumonia
chronic cough / respiratory noise

Question 11

what is AIP / fog fever?

Answer 11

diffuse interstitial pneumonia resulting from type 1 pneumocyte necrosis following exposure to 3 methyl indole

Question 12

what is a common source of 3 methyl indole?

Answer 12

forages w high levels of L trypotphan (fog fever)

many feedlot diets

Question 13

pathogenesis of fog fever?

Answer 13

• L tryptophan is ingested, converted to 3-MI by rumen acidosis
• 3 MI is absorbed, induces type 1 pneumocyte necrosis
• subsequent proliferation of type 2 pneumocytes
• dec gas exchange / edema

Question 14

clin signs of fog fever?

Answer 14

• dypsnea
• frothing
• muted lung sounds / some crackles
• possible elevation in temp
• sudden death

Question 15

Dx of fog fever?

Answer 15

clin signs

hx

Question 16

necropsy findings of fog fever?

Answer 16

heavy, wet lungs that fail to collapse

interlobar separation due to edema

Question 17

fog fever Tx?

Answer 17

supportive care

anti inflammatory drugs

Question 18

px of fog fever?

Answer 18

acclimatize cattle to luch (esp legume) forages slowly

feed ionophores

Question 19

what intoxication has a similar pathogenesis to AIP?

Answer 19

perilla mint intoxication

Question 20

what is the etiology of lung worms?

Answer 20

Dictyocaulus viviparous

Question 21

clin signs of lung worms?

Answer 21

coughing
dypsnea
signs proportional to magnitude of infectious dose

Question 22

dx of lung worms?

Answer 22

Baermann Test - larva in feces

TTW

Question 23

epidemiology of lung worms?

Answer 23

new infections often during cool, wet parts of grazing season

widespread, sporadic distribution

Question 24

tx of lung worms?

Answer 24

anthelminthics

Question 25

what is etiology of bovine tuberculosis?

Answer 25

mycobacterium bovis

Question 26

clin signs of bovine tuberculosis?

Answer 26

• often none
• soft moist cough
• some crackles, wheezes, pleural rubs
• wt loss
• progressively worsens to terminal stages

Question 27

dx of bovine tuberculosis?

Answer 27

• DHT response: caudal skin fold, comparative cervical, bovigam
• culture is slow
• surveillance at slaughter for lesions

Question 28

epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis?

Answer 28

• transmitted by large droplet aerosol, close contact and fomites

Question 29

what is the reservoir of bovine tuberculosis?

Answer 29

wildlife